Li Ming, Long Cheng, Yang Li
School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China.
Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:810548. doi: 10.1155/2015/810548. Epub 2015 Apr 1.
In rodents, the hippocampus has been studied extensively as part of a brain system responsible for learning and memory, and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) participates in numerous cognitive functions including working memory, flexibility, decision making, and rewarding learning. The neuronal projections from the hippocampus, either directly or indirectly, to the PFC, referred to as the hippocampal-prefrontal cortex (Hip-PFC) circuit, play a critical role in cognitive and emotional regulation and memory consolidation. Although in certain psychiatric and neurodegenerative diseases, structural connectivity viewed by imaging techniques has been consistently found to be associated with clinical phenotype and disease severity, the focus has moved towards the investigation of connectivity correlates of molecular pathology and coupling of oscillation. Moreover, functional and structural connectivity measures have been emerging as potential intermediate biomarkers for neuronal disorders. In this review, we summarize progress on the anatomic, molecular, and electrophysiological characters of the Hip-PFC circuit in cognition and emotion processes with an emphasis on oscillation and functional connectivity, revealing a disrupted Hip-PFC connectivity and electrical activity in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders as a promising candidate of neural marker for neuronal disorders.
在啮齿动物中，海马体作为负责学习和记忆的大脑系统的一部分，已被广泛研究，而前额叶皮层（PFC）参与多种认知功能，包括工作记忆、灵活性、决策和奖赏学习。从海马体直接或间接投射到PFC的神经元投射，即海马体-前额叶皮层（Hip-PFC）回路，在认知和情绪调节以及记忆巩固中起关键作用。尽管在某些精神疾病和神经退行性疾病中，通过成像技术观察到的结构连接性一直被发现与临床表型和疾病严重程度相关，但研究重点已转向分子病理学的连接性相关性和振荡耦合的研究。此外，功能和结构连接性测量已成为神经元疾病潜在的中间生物标志物。在这篇综述中，我们总结了Hip-PFC回路在认知和情绪过程中的解剖、分子和电生理特征方面的进展，重点是振荡和功能连接性，揭示了精神疾病和神经退行性疾病中Hip-PFC连接性和电活动的破坏，这是神经元疾病神经标志物的一个有希望的候选者。
