Hartmann A S, Thomas J J, Greenberg J L, Elliott C M, Matheny N L, Wilhelm S
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Simches Research Building, 2nd Floor, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Simches Research Building, 2nd Floor, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Simches Research Building, 2nd Floor, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA, USA.
Body Image. 2015 Jun;14:77-84. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.03.013. Epub 2015 Apr 28.
Although body image is central to the etiological models of anorexia nervosa and body dysmorphic disorder, studies comparing body image and beliefs about attractiveness between the disorders are rare. Sixty-nine individuals (anorexia nervosa: n=24, body dysmorphic disorder: n=23, healthy controls: n=22) completed self-report measures (body image and general psychopathology), diagnostic interviews, and Go/No-Go Association tasks measuring implicit associations. Compared to controls, both clinical groups exhibited greater negative body image, a more negative attitude toward their physical selves, and more dysfunctional coping strategies (ps<.001). Also, both clinical groups shared greater explicit beliefs about the importance of attractiveness (ps<.001). In addition to supporting previous research with regard to comparable body image disturbance, this study also showed that beliefs regarding the importance of appearance (e.g., "one must be attractive to be successful") might be a fruitful target for therapy across both disorders.
尽管身体意象在神经性厌食症和躯体变形障碍的病因模型中处于核心地位，但比较这两种障碍之间身体意象和对吸引力的信念的研究却很少见。69名个体（神经性厌食症：n = 24，躯体变形障碍：n = 23，健康对照组：n = 22）完成了自我报告测量（身体意象和一般精神病理学）、诊断访谈以及测量内隐联想的Go/No-Go联想任务。与对照组相比，两个临床组均表现出更消极的身体意象、对自身身体更消极的态度以及更多功能失调的应对策略（p<0.001）。此外，两个临床组对吸引力重要性的外显信念也更强（p<0.001）。除了支持先前关于可比身体意象障碍的研究外，本研究还表明，关于外表重要性的信念（例如，“一个人必须有吸引力才能成功”）可能是这两种障碍治疗的一个富有成效的靶点。
