Sanders Ross H, Han Ahreum, Baker Julien S, Cobley Stephen
Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Cumberland Campus C42, 75 East Street, Sydney, NSW, 2141, Australia,
Eur J Pediatr. 2015 Jun;174(6):715-46. doi: 10.1007/s00431-015-2551-3. Epub 2015 Apr 29.
Australia is predicted to have the highest overweight/obesity rate in the world by 2022 outranking the USA and UK. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the associations between childhood obesity and physical and psychological health co-morbidities. Therefore, a systematic literature search was conducted from six databases (2004-2014). Studies were included if they investigated obesity-related co-morbidities with participants residing in Australia aged 0-18 years. Forty-seven studies fulfilled selection criteria. Evidence suggests that overweight/obese Australian children and adolescents, compared to normal-weight peers, had more cardio-metabolic risk factors and higher risk factors of non-alcohol fatty liver disease and were experiencing more negative psychological outcomes (depression, low self-esteem and lower scores of health-related quality of life). Many other health consequences have either not been investigated in Australia, or as frequently as in other countries.
Given Australia's current overweight/obesity prevalence and trajectory, Australia-based studies are needed to identify the suspected co-morbidities, understand the range of individual, social and environmental mechanisms driving obesity, and help identify policies, interventions and strategies that will change the future trajectory and 'disease burden' both in Australia and internationally.
• Trend analyses have shown that obesity prevalence in Australia is increasing and will outrank UK and the USA by 2022. • Every third Australian child/adolescent between 5 and 19 years old is predicted to be classified as overweight or obese by 2025. • Childhood obesity is associated with multiple immediate physical and psychological health co-morbidities as well as co-morbidities in adulthood. These have often been identified and examined individually. What is New: • This paper presents a holistic picture of childhood obesity and the associated multiple co-morbidities in Australia. • The extensive health-related outcomes from childhood obesity and those requiring further research are identified. • The findings of this paper will influence the development of local/regional, state and national strategies to change Australia's future trajectory.
预计到2022年澳大利亚将成为全球超重/肥胖率最高的国家，超过美国和英国。本系统评价的目的是评估儿童肥胖与身心健康合并症之间的关联。因此，我们从六个数据库（2004 - 2014年）进行了系统的文献检索。纳入的研究需调查居住在澳大利亚年龄在0至18岁的参与者与肥胖相关的合并症。47项研究符合入选标准。有证据表明，与体重正常的同龄人相比，超重/肥胖的澳大利亚儿童和青少年有更多的心血管代谢危险因素、非酒精性脂肪肝病的更高风险因素，并且经历更多负面心理结果（抑郁、自卑以及健康相关生活质量得分更低）。许多其他健康后果在澳大利亚要么未被研究，要么研究频率低于其他国家。
鉴于澳大利亚目前的超重/肥胖患病率及其发展趋势，需要开展基于澳大利亚的研究，以确定疑似合并症，了解导致肥胖的个体、社会和环境机制范围，并帮助确定能够改变澳大利亚及国际未来发展趋势和“疾病负担”的政策、干预措施和策略。
• 趋势分析表明，澳大利亚的肥胖患病率正在上升，到2022年将超过英国和美国。• 预计到2025年，每三个5至19岁的澳大利亚儿童/青少年中就有一个将被归类为超重或肥胖。• 儿童肥胖与多种即时身心健康合并症以及成年期合并症相关。这些合并症通常已被分别识别和研究。新内容：• 本文全面呈现了澳大利亚儿童肥胖及相关多种合并症的情况。• 确定了儿童肥胖产生的广泛健康相关后果以及那些需要进一步研究的后果。• 本文的研究结果将影响地方/区域、州和国家层面改变澳大利亚未来发展趋势的策略制定。
