Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China; Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Institute for Food and Drug Control, Urumqi 830004, China.
Department of Pharmacology, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, China.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2015 Jul 1;169:269-74. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.04.032. Epub 2015 Apr 25.
Shubat, probiotic fermented camel milk, has been used both as a drink with ethnic flavor and a medicine among Kazakh population for diabetic patients. Kazakh people have lower diabetic prevalence and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) than do other ethnic groups living in Xinjiang China, which might be related to the beneficial properties of shubat. We therefore prepared shubat in laboratory and tested anti-diabetic activity and evaluated its possible hypolipidemic and renoprotective effects in type 2 diabetic rats.
Type 2 diabetic rats were induced by an administration of high-glucose-fat diet for 6 weeks and an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 30mg/kg). Diabetic rats were divided randomly into four groups and treated for 28 days with sitagliptin (30mg/kg) or shubat (6.97×10(6) lactic acid bacteria+2.20×10(4) yeasts) CFU/mL, (6.97×10(7) lactic acid bacteria+2.20×10(5) yeasts) CFU/mL and (6.97×10(8) lactic acid bacteria+2.20×10(6) yeasts) CFU/mL. In addition, a normal control group and a diabetic control group were used for comparison. All drugs were given orally once daily 10mL/kg for 4 weeks. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and body weight (BW) were measured before treatment and every week thereafter. Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), C-peptide, glycated hemoglobin (HbAlc), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels and pancreas tissue sections were tested after 4 weeks.
Shubat demonstrated positive hypoglycemic activity on FBG, HbAlc, C-peptide and GLP-1 levels, high dose shubat decreased FBG (P<0.01) and HbAlc (P<0.05), increased C-peptide (P<0.05) and GLP-1 (P<0.01), decreased serum TC, TG, LDL-c (P<0.05), increased HDL-c (P<0.01), and improved the reduction of body weight as well as decreased SCr and BUN levels (P<0.01) compared to diabetic controls. Histological analysis showed shubat protected the function of islets of type 2 diabetic rats.
The results of this study indicate that shubat has significant hypoglycemic potential in T2D rats and may modulate lipid metabolism and protect renal function in the type 2 diabetic condition, which might be related to various probiotics acting through promoting the release of GLP-1 and improving the function of β-cells.
沙布塔，益生菌发酵骆驼奶，已被哈萨克族人群用作具有民族风味的饮品和糖尿病患者的药物。与生活在中国新疆的其他民族相比，哈萨克族的糖尿病患病率和空腹血糖受损（IFG）较低，这可能与沙布塔的有益特性有关。因此，我们在实验室中制备了沙布塔，并测试了其抗糖尿病活性，并评估了其在 2 型糖尿病大鼠中的潜在降血脂和肾保护作用。
2 型糖尿病大鼠通过给予高葡萄糖-脂肪饮食 6 周和链脲佐菌素（STZ，30mg/kg）腹腔注射诱导。糖尿病大鼠随机分为四组，分别用西他列汀（30mg/kg）或沙布塔（6.97×10^6 个乳酸菌+2.20×10^4 个酵母 CFU/mL、6.97×10^7 个乳酸菌+2.20×10^5 个酵母 CFU/mL 和 6.97×10^8 个乳酸菌+2.20×10^6 个酵母 CFU/mL 治疗 28 天。此外，还使用了正常对照组和糖尿病对照组进行比较。所有药物均每日口服 10mL/kg，连续 4 周。治疗前和此后每周测量空腹血糖（FBG）和体重（BW）。4 周后检测总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-c）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-c）、血清肌酐（SCr）、血尿素氮（BUN）、C 肽、糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）、胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）水平和胰腺组织切片。
沙布塔对 FBG、HbAlc、C 肽和 GLP-1 水平均有明显的降血糖作用，高剂量沙布塔降低 FBG（P<0.01）和 HbAlc（P<0.05），增加 C 肽（P<0.05）和 GLP-1（P<0.01），降低血清 TC、TG、LDL-c（P<0.05），升高 HDL-c（P<0.01），改善体重减轻，降低 SCr 和 BUN 水平（P<0.01）与糖尿病对照组相比。组织学分析表明，沙布塔可保护 2 型糖尿病大鼠胰岛的功能。
本研究结果表明，沙布塔对 2 型糖尿病大鼠具有显著的降血糖潜力，可能通过促进 GLP-1 的释放和改善β细胞功能来调节血脂代谢和保护肾功能，这可能与各种益生菌通过促进 GLP-1 的释放和改善β细胞功能有关。
