Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Center of Innovation for Complex Chronic Healthcare, Edward Hines Jr VA Hospital, Hines Department of Preventive Medicine and Center for Healthcare Studies, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago.
Research Service, Edward Hines Jr VA Hospital, Hines Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois.
Clin Infect Dis. 2015 May 15;60 Suppl 2:S122-8. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ138.
Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) and prevention efforts to reduce the spread of C. difficile, CDI remains a significant challenge to healthcare systems worldwide. Further advances in prevention of CDI may need to focus on those who continue to be exposed to the organism and who are susceptible. Interventions directed toward this susceptible population, particularly hospitalized patients who receive antibiotics, may be effective. There is moderate evidence on the effectiveness of probiotics to prevent primary CDI, but there are few data to support use in secondary prevention of recurrent CDI. This review discusses the literature available on the use of probiotics to prevent primary and secondary CDI.
尽管在艰难梭菌感染（CDI）的诊断和治疗方面取得了进展，并采取了预防措施来减少艰难梭菌的传播，但 CDI 仍然是全球医疗系统面临的重大挑战。进一步预防 CDI 的进展可能需要集中在那些继续接触该病原体且易受感染的人群上。针对这一易感人群的干预措施，特别是接受抗生素治疗的住院患者，可能是有效的。有中等质量的证据表明益生菌可预防原发性 CDI，但很少有数据支持其用于复发性 CDI 的二级预防。本文综述了益生菌预防原发性和复发性 CDI 的相关文献。
