Zhang Li Rita, Rasali Drona
Population and Public Health Program, Provincial Health Services Authority, 700-1380 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 2H3 Canada.
Population and Public Health Program, Provincial Health Services Authority, 700-1380 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC V6Z 2H3 Canada ; Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan Canada.
Arch Public Health. 2015 Apr 3;73(1):17. doi: 10.1186/s13690-015-0065-0. eCollection 2015.
Canada is among the world's leading nations with the longest life expectancy at birth (LE0), and British Columbia (BC) ranks top among Canadian provinces and territories for LE0 in both men and women. This paper examined recent data as well as projected trends in LE0 of Canadian men and women and explored the geographic and socioeconomic disparities in LE0 specific to BC.
Using retrospective data on LE0 and age-standardized mortality rates, Canada was compared to 11 other Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries with the longest LE0. Projections were made using linear regression modelling to the year of 2023. The association between regional LE0 and regional socioeconomic status (SES) was examined for the province of BC using its Local Health Area (LHA) level data on SES and LE0.
In 2009, Canadian men (LE0: 78.7 years) and women (LE0: 83.3 years) ranked 7(th) and 8(th), respectively among the 12 OECD nations under comparison. Significantly smaller annual gains in LE0 contributed to the losing of their top ranks in LE0 for Canadian men and women in recent years, which was projected to sustain. Higher mortality risks, particularly for lung cancer and external causes of mortality among women was found for Canada compared to leading countries on these measures. Geographic variations were evident in LE0 in BC, and there was a significant gap of 3.6 years in the average LE0 for BC's LHAs in the lowest SES tertile (78.6 years, 95% CI: 78.0-79.3) compared to those in the highest SES tertile (82.2 years, 95% CI: 81.6-82.8).
Canada continues to remain one of the OECD countries with longest living population. With the highest LE0 in the country, British Columbia has an opportunity to address socio-economic disparities in LE0.
加拿大是世界上出生时预期寿命（LE0）最长的主要国家之一，而不列颠哥伦比亚省（BC省）在加拿大各省和地区中，男性和女性的LE0均排名第一。本文研究了加拿大男性和女性LE0的最新数据以及预测趋势，并探讨了BC省特有的LE0在地理和社会经济方面的差异。
利用LE0和年龄标准化死亡率的回顾性数据，将加拿大与其他11个出生时预期寿命最长的经济合作与发展组织（OECD）国家进行比较。使用线性回归模型预测到2023年的数据。利用BC省地方卫生区（LHA）层面的社会经济地位（SES）和LE0数据，研究该省区域LE0与区域社会经济地位之间的关联。
2009年，在12个被比较的经合组织国家中，加拿大男性（LE0：78.7岁）和女性（LE0：83.3岁）分别排名第7和第8。近年来，加拿大男性和女性LE0的年增长显著较小，导致他们在LE0排名中失去了领先地位，预计这种情况将持续。与在这些指标上领先的国家相比，加拿大的死亡风险更高，尤其是女性的肺癌和外部死因。BC省的LE0存在明显的地理差异，社会经济地位最低三分位数的LHA的平均LE0（78.6岁，95%CI：78.0 - 79.3）与社会经济地位最高三分位数的LHA（82.2岁，95%CI：81.6 - 82.8）之间存在3.6年的显著差距。
加拿大仍然是经合组织国家中人口寿命最长的国家之一。BC省拥有全国最高的LE0，有机会解决LE0方面的社会经济差异问题。
