Guo Yanjun, Shan Zhilei, Ren Hongyu, Chen Weihong
a MOE Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology , Wuhan , P. R. China.
Nutr Cancer. 2015;67(4):555-68. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2015.1019634.
Studies investigating the association of dairy consumption with gastric cancer risk have reported inconsistent findings. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to review and summarize the epidemiologic evidence on the relation of total dairy and milk consumption with risk of gastric cancer. We summarized the available literature on this topic using meta-analysis of relative risks (RR) associated with total dairy and milk intake. The total of 17 case-control and 6 cohort studies (3256 cases) were eligible for inclusion. When comparing the highest with the lowest category of total dairy intake, the results of cohort studies indicated that increased consumption of total dairy food was associated with a reduced risk of gastric cancer (RR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.64-0.91), whereas case-control studies provided no association. In subgroup analysis, significantly inverse associations between total diary food consumption and gastric cancer risk were observed in Europe subgroup (RR = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.54-0.99), U.S. subgroup (RR = 0.78; 95% CI: 0.63-0.98) but not in Asia subgroup. However, milk consumption was not associated with gastric cancer risk no matter in main or subgroup analysis. The results of cohort studies, but not case-control studies, suggested that total dairy might be related to the reduction of gastric cancer risk. Milk consumption was not associated with gastric cancer risk.
关于乳制品消费与胃癌风险之间关联的研究报告结果并不一致。我们开展了这项系统评价和荟萃分析，以回顾和总结关于总乳制品及牛奶消费与胃癌风险关系的流行病学证据。我们通过对与总乳制品及牛奶摄入量相关的相对风险（RR）进行荟萃分析，总结了关于该主题的现有文献。共有17项病例对照研究和6项队列研究（3256例病例）符合纳入标准。当比较总乳制品摄入量最高组与最低组时，队列研究结果表明，总乳制品食物消费量增加与胃癌风险降低相关（RR = 0.76；95%CI：0.64 - 0.91），而病例对照研究未发现关联。在亚组分析中，在欧洲亚组（RR = 0.73；95%CI：0.54 - 0.99）、美国亚组（RR = 0.78；95%CI：0.63 - 0.98）中观察到总乳制品食物消费与胃癌风险之间存在显著的负相关，而在亚洲亚组中未观察到。然而，无论在主要分析还是亚组分析中，牛奶消费均与胃癌风险无关。队列研究结果表明总乳制品可能与胃癌风险降低有关，但病例对照研究结果未显示此关联。牛奶消费与胃癌风险无关。
