Vernillo Gianluca, Pisoni Cesare, Thiebat Gabriele
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy -
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2016 May;56(5):527-33. Epub 2015 Apr 30.
The aim of this study was to profile the physiological qualities of elite snowboarders and quantified the relationships with snowboarding performance.
Ten alpine (ALP, mean±SD age: 25.6±4.4 yrs; body mass 78.1±12.1; height 178.4±9.8 cm; sum of 7 skinfolds 74.8±19.4 mm; body fat 13.8±3.7%) and ten snowboard cross (SBX, mean±SD age: 23.5±4.3 yrs; body mass 77.2±9.2; height 181.0±4.9 cm; sum of 7 skinfolds 70.1±21.1 mm; body fat 11.9±3.5%) elite male athletes undertook aerobic power (cycle ergometer maximum oxygen uptake), muscular isometric strength (maximal isometric voluntary contraction, MVC), and muscle-power (vertical jumps), as well as ALP (parallel giant slalom [PGS] and parallel slalom [PSL]) and SBX simulated competitions. Associations between measurements were assessed by correlation analysis.
Absolute (ALP 383.1±38.0 W, P<0.01; SBX 339.7±41.3 W, P<0.05) and relative (ALP, 4.6±0.5 W·kg-1, P<0.01; SBX 4.5±0.3 W·kg-1, P<0.05) power output, power at the first (ALP 196.0±53.7 W, P<0.01; SBX 192.8±24.3, P<0.01) and second (ALP 285.4±60.6 W, P<0.01; SBX 280.4±20.3 W, P<0.01) ventilatory threshold, MVC (ALP 731.9±181.9 N·m-1, P<0.001; SBX 680.1±76.8 N·m-1, P<0.001) and leg stiffness (ALP 31.4±4.8 N·m-1·kg-1, P<0.01; SBX 25.4±3.0 N·m-1·kg-1, P<0.01) were highly correlated with PGS (r=-0.88 to -0.97), PSL (r=-0.84 to -0.94), and SBX (r=-0.89 to -0.93) performance times.
To meet the demands of snowboarding competition, elite snowboarders require highly developed muscular strength and power. This study provides criteria for the selection of appropriate physiological variables for the longitudinal monitoring of relevant parameters in snowboarding.
本研究旨在剖析优秀单板滑雪运动员的生理特质，并量化其与单板滑雪成绩的关系。
10名高山滑雪（ALP，平均±标准差年龄：25.6±4.4岁；体重78.1±12.1；身高178.4±9.8厘米；7处皮褶厚度之和74.8±19.4毫米；体脂13.8±3.7%）和10名单板障碍追逐赛（SBX，平均±标准差年龄：23.5±4.3岁；体重77.2±9.2；身高181.0±4.9厘米；7处皮褶厚度之和70.1±21.1毫米；体脂11.9±3.5%）的优秀男性运动员进行了有氧能力（自行车测力计最大摄氧量）、肌肉等长力量（最大等长随意收缩，MVC）和肌肉力量（垂直跳跃）测试，以及ALP（平行大回转[PGS]和平行回转[PSL]）和SBX模拟比赛。通过相关分析评估各项测量之间的关联。
绝对（ALP 383.1±38.0瓦，P<0.01；SBX 339.7±41.3瓦，P<0.05）和相对（ALP，4.6±0.5瓦·千克-1，P<0.01；SBX 4.5±0.3瓦·千克-1，P<0.05）功率输出、第一（ALP 196.0±53.7瓦，P<0.01；SBX 192.8±24.3，P<0.01）和第二（ALP 285.4±60.6瓦，P<0.01；SBX 280.4±20.3瓦，P<0.01）通气阈值、MVC（ALP 731.9±181.9牛·米-1，P<0.001；SBX 680.1±76.8牛·米-1，P<0.001）和腿部刚度（ALP 31.4±4.8牛·米-1·千克-1，P<0.01；SBX 25.4±3.0牛·米-1·千克-1，P<0.01）与PGS（r=-0.88至-0.97）、PSL（r=-0.84至-0.94）和SBX（r=-0.89至-0.93）比赛成绩高度相关。
为满足单板滑雪比赛的需求，优秀单板滑雪运动员需要高度发达的肌肉力量和功率。本研究为选择合适的生理变量以纵向监测单板滑雪相关参数提供了标准。
