Pagan Luana U, Damatto Ricardo L, Cezar Marcelo D M, Lima Aline R R, Bonomo Camila, Campos Dijon H S, Gomes Mariana J, Martinez Paula F, Oliveira Silvio A, Gimenes Rodrigo, Rosa Camila M, Guizoni Daniele M, Moukbel Yasmin C, Cicogna Antonio C, Okoshi Marina P, Okoshi Katashi
Internal Medicine Department, Botucatu Medical School, Univ. Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Cell Physiol Biochem. 2015;36(1):61-74. doi: 10.1159/000374053. Epub 2015 Apr 27.
Physical exercise is a strategy to control hypertension and attenuate pressure overload-induced cardiac remodeling. The influence of exercise on cardiac remodeling during uncontrolled hypertension is not established. We evaluated the effects of a long-term low intensity aerobic exercise protocol on heart failure (HF) development and cardiac remodeling in aging spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).
Sixteen month old SHR (n=50) and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY, n=35) rats were divided into sedentary (SED) and exercised (EX) groups. Rats exercised in treadmill at 12 m/min, 30 min/day, 5 days/week, for four months. The frequency of HF features was evaluated at euthanasia.
ANOVA and Tukey or Mann-Whitney, and Goodman test.
Despite slightly higher systolic blood pressure, SHR-EX had better functional capacity and lower HF frequency than SHR-SED. Echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging showed no differences between SHR groups. In SHR-EX, however, left ventricular (LV) systolic diameter, larger in SHR-SED than WKY-SED, and endocardial fractional shortening, lower in SHR-SED than WKY-SED, had values between those in WKY-EX and SHR-SED not differing from either group. Myocardial function, assessed in LV papillary muscles, showed improvement in SHR-EX over SHR-SED and WKY-EX. LV myocardial collagen fraction and type I and III collagen gene expression were increased in SHR groups. Myocardial hydroxyproline concentration was lower in SHR-EX than SHR-SED. Lysyl oxidase gene expression was higher in SHR-SED than WKY-SED.
Exercise improves functional capacity and reduces decompensated HF in aging SHR independent of elevated arterial pressure. Improvement in functional status is combined with attenuation of LV and myocardial dysfunction and fibrosis.
体育锻炼是控制高血压和减轻压力超负荷诱导的心脏重塑的一种策略。运动对未控制高血压期间心脏重塑的影响尚未明确。我们评估了长期低强度有氧运动方案对衰老自发性高血压大鼠（SHR）心力衰竭（HF）发展和心脏重塑的影响。
将16月龄的SHR（n = 50）和血压正常的Wistar-Kyoto（WKY，n = 35）大鼠分为久坐不动组（SED）和运动组（EX）。大鼠在跑步机上以12米/分钟的速度运动，每天30分钟，每周5天，持续4个月。在安乐死时评估HF特征的频率。
方差分析、Tukey检验或Mann-Whitney检验以及Goodman检验。
尽管收缩压略高，但SHR-EX组的功能能力优于SHR-SED组，HF频率更低。超声心动图和组织多普勒成像显示SHR组之间无差异。然而，在SHR-EX组中，左心室（LV）收缩直径（SHR-SED组大于WKY-SED组）和心内膜分数缩短率（SHR-SED组低于WKY-SED组）的值介于WKY-EX组和SHR-SED组之间，且与两组均无差异。在LV乳头肌中评估的心肌功能显示，SHR-EX组比SHR-SED组和WKY-EX组有所改善。SHR组的LV心肌胶原分数以及I型和III型胶原基因表达增加。SHR-EX组的心肌羟脯氨酸浓度低于SHR-SED组。赖氨酰氧化酶基因表达在SHR-SED组高于WKY-SED组。
运动可改善衰老SHR的功能能力并减少失代偿性HF，且与动脉压升高无关。功能状态的改善与LV和心肌功能障碍及纤维化的减轻相结合。
