Proniosomes in transdermal drug delivery.

Proniosomes are liquid crystalline-compact niosomal hybrid that can be hydrated to form niosomal dispersion instantly before use. It is a promising drug carrier with better physical and chemical stability than niosomes. Proniosomes have the potential to be scaled up for industrial purposes. They have been remarkably considered for transdermal drug delivery because of their competences, including the penetration enhancing ability of surfactants and their non-toxic characteristics. This review offers current approaches in the research and development of proniosomal formulations for the transdermal delivery of drugs with a focus on therapeutic applications.