Zhang Hui, Zhai Yingjie, Yang Xiaoye, Zhai Guangxi
Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xilu, Jinan 250012, China.
Curr Pharm Des. 2015;21(20):2713-24. doi: 10.2174/1381612821666150428124406.
Skin delivery is more advantageous for drug administration than other routes since it is more compliant and can avoid the first-pass metabolic effect. More importantly, it can ensure stable blood level of transdermal drugs for a long period of time, avoiding fluctuation and reducing side effects. However, it is restricted by the barrier function of the stratum corneum. Therefore, significant attention has been paid to developing methods to modify the kinetics of skin drug delivery and expand the range of drugs that can be used for transdermal delivery. Novel mechanisms of increasing the intercellular and appendages penetration pathways have also been developed. This review focuses on chemical penetration enhancers, physical permeabilization (sonophoresis, iontophoresis and microneedles) and novel nanocarriers for skin delivery. Recent developments on skin delivery are also discussed.
与其他给药途径相比，皮肤给药更具优势，因为它更顺应性好，且可避免首过代谢效应。更重要的是，它能确保经皮给药药物的血药水平长期稳定，避免波动并减少副作用。然而，它受到角质层屏障功能的限制。因此，人们已高度重视开发改变皮肤药物递送动力学的方法，并扩大可用于透皮递送的药物范围。还开发了增加细胞间和附属器渗透途径的新机制。本综述重点关注化学渗透促进剂、物理通透方法（超声导入、离子导入和微针）以及用于皮肤给药的新型纳米载体。还讨论了皮肤给药的最新进展。
