Rodríguez-Vázquez José Francisco, Verdugo-López Samuel, Abe Hiroshi, Murakami Gen
Departament of Anatomy and Human Embryology, Institute of Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Anatomy, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2015 Aug;298(8):1395-407. doi: 10.1002/ar.23166. Epub 2015 May 14.
Currently, theories based on acquired calcification of the stylohyoid ligament are believed to be a pathogenesis of syndromes associated with the hyoid apparatus (HA) and its variations. We studied the development of the HA from Reichert´s cartilage using serial sections of 25 human embryos and 45 fetuses. We ensured a fact that, at the initial stage, the HA appeared as two independent cartilage segments, that is, the cranial or styloid segment and the caudal or hyoid segment of Reichert's cartilage, those are connected by a mesenchymal structure. However, between 8 and 10 weeks of development, the mesenchymal connection was lost. We hypothesize that this disconnection is likely to be one of the major factors to make a descent of the hyoid bone in evolution. The stylohyoid ligament was not observed. The variations of the HA, should be considered variations of the development of Reicherts cartilage. If these variations are maintained in the adult, are likely to explain a major symptom associated with Eagle's syndrome.
目前，基于茎突舌骨韧带后天钙化的理论被认为是与舌骨装置（HA）及其变异相关综合征的发病机制。我们使用25个人类胚胎和45个胎儿的连续切片，研究了Reichert软骨中HA的发育情况。我们确定了一个事实，即在初始阶段，HA表现为两个独立的软骨段，即Reichert软骨的颅侧或茎突段以及尾侧或舌骨段，它们由一个间充质结构相连。然而，在发育的第8至10周期间，间充质连接消失。我们推测这种分离可能是进化过程中舌骨下降的主要因素之一。未观察到茎突舌骨韧带。HA的变异应被视为Reichert软骨发育的变异。如果这些变异在成人中持续存在，则可能解释与鹰综合征相关的主要症状。
