Aburto Tania C, Cantoral Alejandra, Hernández-Barrera Lucia, Carriquiry Alicia L, Rivera Juan A
Center for Nutrition and Health Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico; and.
Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.
J Nutr. 2015 Jul;145(7):1524-30. doi: 10.3945/jn.114.206359. Epub 2015 Apr 29.
Studies suggest a positive association between dietary energy density (DED) and body weight in adults, but evidence in children is inconclusive.
The objective of this study was to compare usual DED distributions of nonoverweight vs. overweight or obese (OW/O) Mexican children.
The study used 24-h recall (24HR) data from 2367 children aged 5-11 y from the 2012 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT 2012). Repeated 24HR measures were obtained in a random sample (∼10%) to estimate usual intake distributions by using the Iowa State University (PC-Side) method. Implausible dietary reports were identified. Multivariate linear regression models were used to evaluate the relation between DED and body mass index status and to compare results with and without PC-Side adjustment and restriction to plausible reporters.
A total of 35.1% of the children in the sample were OW/O. The usual DED mean was ∼175 kcal/100 g in both the complete sample and the plausible reporters subsample. Regression models adjusted by PC-Side and for potential confounders showed higher DED in OW/O relative to nonoverweight children for both plausible reporters (9.7 kcal/100 g; n = 1452, P < 0.0001) and the complete sample (7.9 kcal/100 g; n = 2367, P < 0.0001). The DED difference in plausible reporters translates into 88 additional kilocalories in daily energy intake of OW/O children. In the absence of PC-side adjustment, the difference was significant for plausible reporters (P < 0.05) but not for the complete sample (P > 0.10).
A positive association between usual DED and OW/O was found in Mexican children. The association was stronger when only plausible reporters were considered. This suggests that there is a need for strategies to reduce energy density in the diet of Mexican children.
研究表明，成年人的膳食能量密度（DED）与体重之间存在正相关，但儿童方面的证据尚无定论。
本研究旨在比较非超重与超重或肥胖（OW/O）墨西哥儿童的日常DED分布情况。
该研究使用了2012年墨西哥全国健康与营养调查（ENSANUT 2012）中2367名5至11岁儿童的24小时回顾（24HR）数据。通过随机抽样（约10%）获得重复的24HR测量值，以使用爱荷华州立大学（PC-Side）方法估计日常摄入量分布。识别出不合理的饮食报告。使用多元线性回归模型评估DED与体重指数状况之间的关系，并比较经过和未经过PC-Side调整以及限制为合理报告者后的结果。
样本中共有35.1%的儿童为OW/O。完整样本和合理报告者子样本的日常DED均值均约为175千卡/100克。经PC-Side和潜在混杂因素调整后的回归模型显示，对于合理报告者（9.7千卡/100克；n = 1452，P < 0.0001）和完整样本（7.9千卡/100克；n = 2367，P < 0.0001）来说，OW/O儿童的DED均高于非超重儿童。合理报告者中DED的差异转化为OW/O儿童每日能量摄入量额外增加88千卡。在没有PC-Side调整的情况下，差异对合理报告者具有显著性（P < 0.05），但对完整样本不具有显著性（P > 0.10）。
在墨西哥儿童中发现日常DED与OW/O之间存在正相关。仅考虑合理报告者时，这种相关性更强。这表明需要采取策略降低墨西哥儿童饮食中的能量密度。
