过去25年墨西哥儿童和青少年的超重与肥胖情况。

Overweight and obesity in Mexican children and adolescents during the last 25 years.

作者信息

Hernández-Cordero S, Cuevas-Nasu L, Morán-Ruán M C, Méndez-Gómez Humarán I, Ávila-Arcos M A, Rivera-Dommarco J A

机构信息

Centro de Investigación en Nutrición y Salud, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.

Centro de Investigación en Matemáticas A.C., Unidad Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, México.

出版信息

Nutr Diabetes. 2017 Mar 13;7(3):e247. doi: 10.1038/nutd.2016.52.

DOI:10.1038/nutd.2016.52

PMID:28287630

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5380891/

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to provide current estimates of the prevalence and trends of overweight and obesity (OW+OB) in Mexican children and adolescents.

SUBJECTS/METHODS: Body mass index objectively measured was analyzed for 37 147 children and adolescents aged 0-19 years obtained in 2012 as part of the National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT-2012), a nationally representative sample of the Mexican population. In addition, data from previous National Nutrition Surveys obtained in 1988, 1999 and 2006 were compared with analyze trends over a 24-year period (1988-2012) for children <5 years of age and adolescents and over a 13-year period (1999-2012) for school-age children. World Health Organization Child Growth Standard was used to define OW+OB.

RESULTS

In 2012, 33.5% of children <5 years of age (both sexes) were at risk of overweight or were overweight (OW); 32% and 36.9% of girls and boys 5-11 years of age were OW+OB, respectively, and 35.8% and 34.1% of female and male adolescents were OW+OB, respectively. Statistically significant trends were documented for all age groups during the study period. Overall change in the combined prevalence in preschool children was 6.3±1.0 percentage points (pp; P<0.001; 0.26 pp per year) in the last 24 years, showing the highest increase between 1988 and 1999, whereas for school-age girls (from 1999 to 2012) and adolescent females (from 1988 to 2012), OW+OB increased across all periods at a declining trend, with an overall change of 0.5 and 1.0 pp per year, respectively. Changes in the prevalence of OW+OB were highest among children and adolescents in the lowest quintile of the household living condition index.

CONCLUSIONS

Prevalence of OW+OB among children and adolescents increased significantly during the last 13-24 years. The rate of increase has declined in the last 6 years in all age groups. Changes in prevalence of OW+OB presented here suggest that, in Mexico, the burden of obesity is shifting toward the groups with lower socioeconomic level.

摘要

背景/目的：本研究的目的是提供墨西哥儿童和青少年超重与肥胖（超重+肥胖，OW+OB）患病率及趋势的当前估计值。

对象/方法：对2012年作为墨西哥全国人口代表性样本的全国健康与营养调查（ENSANUT-2012）的一部分所获取的37147名0至19岁儿童和青少年客观测量的体重指数进行分析。此外，将1988年、1999年和2006年之前全国营养调查的数据进行比较，以分析5岁以下儿童、青少年在24年期间（1988 - 2012年）以及学龄儿童在13年期间（1999 - 2012年）的趋势。采用世界卫生组织儿童生长标准来定义超重+肥胖。

结果

2012年，5岁以下儿童（男女皆有）中33.5%有超重风险或超重（OW）；5至11岁女孩和男孩中超重+肥胖的比例分别为32%和36.9%，青少年女性和男性中超重+肥胖的比例分别为35.8%和34.1%。在研究期间，所有年龄组均有统计学上显著的趋势。在过去24年中，学龄前儿童超重+肥胖合并患病率的总体变化为6.3±1.0个百分点（pp；P<0.001；每年0.26 pp），在1988年至1999年期间增幅最大，而对于学龄女孩（1999年至2012年）和青少年女性（1988年至2012年），超重+肥胖在所有时期均呈上升趋势且趋势逐渐下降，总体变化分别为每年0.5 pp和1.0 pp。超重+肥胖患病率的变化在家庭生活条件指数最低五分位数的儿童和青少年中最为显著。