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Maternal depressive, anxious, and stress symptoms during pregnancy predict internalizing problems in adolescence.母亲在怀孕期间的抑郁、焦虑和压力症状可预测青春期的内化问题。
Depress Anxiety. 2014 Jan;31(1):9-18. doi: 10.1002/da.22210. Epub 2013 Oct 31.
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Maternal stress in pregnancy: considerations for fetal development.孕期母体压力：对胎儿发育的影响。
J Adolesc Health. 2012 Aug;51(2 Suppl):S3-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.04.008.
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Stress during pregnancy and offspring pediatric disease: A National Cohort Study.孕期压力与后代儿科疾病：一项全国队列研究。
Environ Health Perspect. 2011 Nov;119(11):1647-52. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1003253. Epub 2011 Jul 21.
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The contribution of prenatal and postnatal maternal anxiety and depression to child maladjustment.产前和产后母婴焦虑和抑郁对儿童适应不良的影响。
Depress Anxiety. 2011 Aug;28(8):696-702. doi: 10.1002/da.20856. Epub 2011 Jul 18.
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Antenatal depression and anxiety affect postpartum parenting stress: a longitudinal, prospective study.产前抑郁和焦虑会影响产后育儿压力：一项纵向、前瞻性研究。
Can J Psychiatry. 2010 Apr;55(4):222-8. doi: 10.1177/070674371005500405.
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The links between prenatal stress and offspring development and psychopathology: disentangling environmental and inherited influences.产前应激与后代发育和精神病理学之间的联系：厘清环境和遗传影响。
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Relation of maternal stress during pregnancy to symptom severity and response to treatment in children with ADHD.孕期母亲压力与多动症儿童症状严重程度及治疗反应的关系。
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Effects of mothers' prenatal psychiatric status and postnatal caregiving on infant biobehavioral regulation: can prenatal programming be modified?母亲产前精神状态及产后照料对婴儿生物行为调节的影响：产前编程能否被改变？
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孕期母亲压力与儿童期后代内化和外化问题之间的关联。

Associations between maternal stress during pregnancy and offspring internalizing and externalizing problems in childhood.

作者信息

Park Subin, Kim Bung-Nyun, Kim Jae-Won, Shin Min-Sup, Yoo Hee Jeong, Lee Jin, Cho Soo-Churl

机构信息

Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea ; Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-No, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, Korea.

出版信息

Int J Ment Health Syst. 2014 Nov 18;8:44. doi: 10.1186/1752-4458-8-44. eCollection 2014.

DOI:10.1186/1752-4458-8-44
PMID:25926872
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4414378/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Maternal psychological health during pregnancy has been associated with offspring psychopathology. However, it is uncertain whether these associations are mediated by the postpartum depression and related child-rearing factors. Therefore, we examined the associations between prenatal and postnatal factors and internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems in childhood, focusing on maternal psychological health in school-aged children in Korea.

FINDINGS

The current study included 1,003 children (580 boys, 423 girls, mean age 9.05 ± 0.70 years, age range 8-11 years) recruited from schools in five Korean cities. Children's internalizing and externalizing problems were assessed by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The parents of the children completed structured questionnaires on perinatal factors. Among 1,003 children, 44 had internalizing problems (IP) and 30 had externalizing problems (EP). When comparing children with IP (n = 44) and without IP (n = 959), severe maternal stress during pregnancy (OR3.36, 95% CI 1.80-6.25) and postpartum depression (OR3.19, 95% CI 1.36-7.53) showed a significant association with the IP. When comparing children with EP (n = 30) and without EP (n = 973), low family income (OR2.19, 95% CI 1.05-4.56), unwanted pregnancy (OR2.76, 95% CI 1.28-5.95) and severe maternal stress during pregnancy (OR2.69, 95% CI 1.29-5.61) with the EP. Only maternal stress during pregnancy was significantly associated with the IP after controlling for postpartum depression and with the EP after controlling for family income and unwanted pregnancy.

CONCLUSION

This study suggests the importance of maternal psychological health during perinatal period on children's mental health. Further prospective studies in a larger sample are required to confirm our findings.

摘要

背景

孕期母亲的心理健康与后代精神病理学有关。然而，这些关联是否由产后抑郁及相关育儿因素介导尚不确定。因此，我们研究了产前和产后因素与儿童内化和外化行为问题之间的关联，重点关注韩国学龄儿童母亲的心理健康。

研究结果

本研究纳入了从韩国五个城市的学校招募的1003名儿童（580名男孩，423名女孩，平均年龄9.05±0.70岁，年龄范围8 - 11岁）。通过儿童行为量表（CBCL）评估儿童的内化和外化问题。儿童的父母完成了关于围产期因素的结构化问卷。在1003名儿童中，44名有内化问题（IP），30名有外化问题（EP）。比较有IP的儿童（n = 44）和无IP的儿童（n = 959）时，孕期母亲的严重压力（比值比3.36，95%置信区间1.80 - 6.）和产后抑郁（比值比3.19，95%置信区间1.36 - 7.53）与IP有显著关联。比较有EP的儿童（n = 30）和无EP的儿童（n = 973）时，低家庭收入（比值比2.19，95%置信区间1.05 - 4.56）、意外怀孕（比值比2.76，95%置信区间1.28 - 5.95）和孕期母亲的严重压力（比值比2.69，95%置信区间1.29 - 5.61）与EP有关。在控制产后抑郁后，只有孕期母亲的压力与IP显著相关；在控制家庭收入和意外怀孕后，与EP显著相关。

结论

本研究表明围产期母亲心理健康对儿童心理健康的重要性。需要在更大样本中进行进一步的前瞻性研究以证实我们的发现。