J Am Diet Assoc. 1989 Dec;89(12):1814-7.
The American Dietetic Association supports the concept of optimal weight that considers a variety of factors to determine the most favorable weight for the individual. Adequate research exists to support the following: The prevention of obesity in children and adults through nutrition and health education should be a primary objective for registered dietitians and other health care professionals. Optimal weight for individuals should be determined by considering health risks, heredity, age, sex, percentage body fat, and realistic goal-setting. Children should not be placed on restricted-calorie diets; rather, efforts should be made to encourage the child to be physically active, to eat a well-balanced diet, and to return to internal control of eating. Also, normalization of the feeding relationship between parent and child is important. Weight control programs should include behavioral management techniques for food intake, exercise, stress, and improved self-esteem. The programs should focus on loss of body fat and avoidance of repeated diet failures. Healthful behaviors that can prevent and reduce the incidence of obesity should be encouraged by registered dietitians and other health care providers, educators, the food industry, insurance companies, employers, school programs, and families. The concept of optimal weight may be modified as scientific evidence is accumulated on the determinants of body composition and weight, effective nutrition and health education approaches, and effective weight management strategies. Research is needed to permit development of more effective weight management strategies and programs for the overweight population.
美国饮食协会支持最佳体重的概念，该概念考虑多种因素来确定个人最适宜的体重。有充分的研究支持以下观点：通过营养和健康教育预防儿童及成人肥胖应是注册营养师和其他医疗保健专业人员的首要目标。个人的最佳体重应通过考虑健康风险、遗传、年龄、性别、体脂百分比以及实际的目标设定来确定。儿童不应采用限制热量的饮食；相反，应努力鼓励儿童积极参加体育活动，均衡饮食，并恢复对饮食的自我控制。此外，父母与子女之间喂养关系的正常化也很重要。体重控制计划应包括针对食物摄入、运动、压力和提高自尊的行为管理技巧。这些计划应注重体脂的减少以及避免反复节食失败。注册营养师和其他医疗保健提供者、教育工作者、食品行业、保险公司、雇主、学校项目以及家庭都应鼓励能预防和降低肥胖发生率的健康行为。随着关于身体成分和体重的决定因素、有效的营养和健康教育方法以及有效的体重管理策略的科学证据不断积累，最佳体重的概念可能会有所调整。需要开展研究以开发出针对超重人群更有效的体重管理策略和计划。
