†Department of Pharmacy, Naples University Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
‡Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, Naples University Federico II, Via Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy.
J Agric Food Chem. 2015 May 20;63(19):4886-92. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b01937. Epub 2015 May 11.
Bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum) is a worldwide plant containing toxic substances, which represent an important chemical hazard for animals, including humans. Ptaquiloside, 1, a norsesquiterpenoid glucoside, is the major carcinogen of bracken detected in the food chain, particularly in the milk from farm animals. To date, ptaquiloside has been shown in the milk of cows feeding on a diet containing bracken fern. This is the first study that shows the systematic detection of ptaquiloside, 1, and reports its direct quantitation in pooled raw milk of healthy sheep and goats grazing on bracken. Ptaquiloside, 1, was detected by a sensitive method based on the chemical conversion of ptaquiloside, 1, into bromopterosine, 4, following gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The presence of ptaquiloside, 1, possibly carcinogenic to humans, in the milk of healthy animals is an unknown potential health risk, thus representing a harmful and potential global concern of food safety.
水龙骨科植物（水龙骨）是一种分布广泛的植物，含有有毒物质，对包括人类在内的动物构成了重要的化学危害。在食物链中检测到的水龙骨的主要致癌物是萩原蕨苷 1，一种新石松类低聚糖苷，特别是在来自农场动物的牛奶中。迄今为止，在以含有水龙骨的饮食为食的奶牛的牛奶中已经发现了萩原蕨苷 1。这是第一项表明萩原蕨苷 1 可以系统检测，并报告其在放牧水龙骨的健康绵羊和山羊的混合生牛乳中直接定量的研究。萩原蕨苷 1 是通过一种基于萩原蕨苷 1 化学转化为溴麦角隐亭 4 的灵敏方法，在气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析后检测到的。萩原蕨苷 1 存在于健康动物的牛奶中，可能对人类具有致癌性，这是一个未知的潜在健康风险，因此代表了食品安全方面有害且潜在的全球关注。
