Tong Haiyan, Rappold Ana G, Caughey Melissa, Hinderliter Alan L, Bassett Maryann, Montilla Tracey, Case Martin W, Berntsen Jon, Bromberg Philip A, Cascio Wayne E, Diaz-Sanchez David, Devlin Robert B, Samet James M
Environmental Public Health Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
Environ Health Perspect. 2015 Nov;123(11):1173-9. doi: 10.1289/ehp.1408988. Epub 2015 May 1.
Exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) induces endothelial dysfunction, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Olive oil (OO) and fish oil (FO) supplements have beneficial effects on endothelial function.
In this study we evaluated the potential efficacy of OO and FO in mitigating endothelial dysfunction and disruption of hemostasis caused by exposure to particulate matter (PM).
Forty-two participants (58 ± 1 years of age) received either 3 g/day of OO or FO, or no supplements (naive) for 4 weeks prior to undergoing 2-hr exposures to filtered air and concentrated ambient particulate matter (CAP; mean, 253 ± 16 μg/m3). Endothelial function was assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery preexposure, immediately postexposure, and 20 hr postexposure. Levels of endothelin-1 and markers of fibrinolysis and inflammation were also measured. The FMD was significantly lower after CAP exposure in the naive (-19.4%; 95% CI: -36.4, -2.3 per 100 μg/m3 CAP relative to baseline; p = 0.03) and FO groups (-13.7%; 95% CI: -24.5, -2.9; p = 0.01), but not in the OO group (-7.6%; 95% CI: -21.5, 6.3; p = 0.27). Tissue plasminogen activator levels were significantly increased immediately after (11.6%; 95% CI: 0.8, 22.2; p = 0.04) and 20 hr after CAP exposure in the OO group. Endothelin-1 levels were significantly increased 20 hr after CAP exposure in the naive group only (17.1%; 95% CI: 2.2, 32.0; p = 0.03).
Short-term exposure to CAP induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. OO supplementation attenuated CAP-induced reduction of FMD and changes in blood markers associated with vasoconstriction and fibrinolysis, suggesting that OO supplementation may be an efficacious intervention to protect against vascular effects of exposure to PM.
Tong H, Rappold AG, Caughey M, Hinderliter AL, Bassett M, Montilla T, Case MW, Berntsen J, Bromberg PA, Cascio WE, Diaz-Sanchez D, Devlin RB, Samet JM. 2015. Dietary supplementation with olive oil or fish oil and vascular effects of concentrated ambient particulate matter exposure in human volunteers. Environ Health Perspect 123:1173-1179; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408988.
暴露于环境颗粒物（PM）会导致内皮功能障碍，这是心血管疾病的一个危险因素。补充橄榄油（OO）和鱼油（FO）对内皮功能有有益影响。
在本研究中，我们评估了OO和FO在减轻暴露于颗粒物（PM）所引起的内皮功能障碍和止血功能破坏方面的潜在功效。
42名参与者（年龄58±1岁）在接受2小时过滤空气和浓缩环境颗粒物（CAP；平均浓度为253±16μg/m³）暴露之前，分别接受了为期4周的每日3克OO或FO补充，或不进行补充（未补充组）。在暴露前、暴露后即刻以及暴露后20小时，通过肱动脉的血流介导的血管舒张（FMD）评估内皮功能。还测量了内皮素-1水平以及纤溶和炎症标志物。在未补充组（-19.4%；95%可信区间：相对于基线，每100μg/m³ CAP为-36.4，-2.3；p = 0.03）和FO组（-13.7%；95%可信区间：-24.5，-2.9；p = 0.01）中，CAP暴露后FMD显著降低，但在OO组中未降低（-7.6%；95%可信区间：-21.5，6.3；p = 0.27）。在OO组中，CAP暴露后即刻（11.6%；95%可信区间：0.8，22.2；p = 0.04）和20小时后组织纤溶酶原激活物水平显著升高。仅在未补充组中，CAP暴露后20小时内皮素-1水平显著升高（17.1%；95%可信区间：2.2，32.0；p = 0.03）。
短期暴露于CAP会导致血管内皮功能障碍。补充OO可减轻CAP诱导的FMD降低以及与血管收缩和纤溶相关的血液标志物变化，这表明补充OO可能是一种有效的干预措施，可预防暴露于PM对血管的影响。
Tong H, Rappold AG, Caughey M, Hinderliter AL, Bassett M, Montilla T, Case MW, Berntsen J, Bromberg PA, Cascio WE, Diaz-Sanchez D, Devlin RB, Samet JM. 2015. Dietary supplementation with olive oil or fish oil and vascular effects of concentrated ambient particulate matter exposure in human volunteers. Environ Health Perspect 123:1173 - 1179; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1408988.
