Theoretical Division and Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
Phys Rev Lett. 2015 Apr 17;114(15):150601. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.150601. Epub 2015 Apr 13.
We show that the quantum Jarzynski equality generalizes to PT-symmetric quantum mechanics with unbroken PT symmetry. In the regime of broken PT symmetry, the Jarzynski equality does not hold as also the CPT norm is not preserved during the dynamics. These findings are illustrated for an experimentally relevant system-two coupled optical waveguides. It turns out that for these systems the phase transition between the regimes of unbroken and broken PT symmetry is thermodynamically inhibited as the irreversible work diverges at the critical point.
我们证明了量子 Jarzynski 等式可以推广到具有不破缺 PT 对称性的 PT 对称量子力学中。在破缺 PT 对称性的情况下，Jarzynski 等式不成立，CPT 范数在动力学过程中也不守恒。这些发现通过一个与实验相关的系统——两个耦合的光学波导进行了说明。结果表明，对于这些系统，在不破缺和破缺 PT 对称性之间的相变是热力学上被抑制的，因为不可逆功在临界点处发散。
