Tsubura E
Kekkaku. 1989 Nov;64(11):731-9.
Muramyl dipeptide (MDP) and its synthetic derivatives which comes from the major constituent of bacterial cell wall has various biological activities as host defence mechanisms. One of the synthetic MDP derivatives, MDP-Lys (L 18), muroctasin has potent biological activities with less adverse reactions among various MDP derivatives. Muroctasin has proved to be safe to use clinically as the results of phase I clinical study. We attempted to evaluate its clinical usefulness and safety from the view point of restorative activity in leukopenia that was induced by cancer chemotherapy in patients with malignancies. It is concluded that muroctasin is effective as well as useful on the restorative activities against leukopenia in lung cancer patients after cancer chemotherapy, with the optimal daily dosage of 200 micrograms for six times by subcutaneous injections through phase II and phase III clinical cooperative studies in Japan. Supposed mode of action of muroctasin for granulocytosis may be the results of CSF production due to stimulation of macrophage by muroctasin. This first clinical success of restoration of leukopenia in patients with cancer receiving cancer chemotherapy by MDP derivative, muroctasin, might be not only advantageous for cancer chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy but also for preventing infections occurring in compromised host due to neutropenia in cancer patients by means of cytotoxic cancer chemotherapy or irradication.
胞壁酰二肽（MDP）及其源自细菌细胞壁主要成分的合成衍生物具有多种作为宿主防御机制的生物活性。合成的MDP衍生物之一，MDP-Lys（L 18），mur octasin在各种MDP衍生物中具有强大的生物活性且不良反应较少。mur octasin已被证明在I期临床研究中临床使用是安全的。我们试图从恶性肿瘤患者癌症化疗诱导的白细胞减少症的恢复活性角度评估其临床实用性和安全性。通过日本的II期和III期临床合作研究得出结论，mur octasin对肺癌患者癌症化疗后的白细胞减少症恢复活性有效且有用，最佳日剂量为200微克，皮下注射6次。mur octasin对粒细胞增多的假定作用方式可能是由于mur octasin刺激巨噬细胞产生集落刺激因子（CSF）的结果。MDP衍生物mur octasin在接受癌症化疗的癌症患者中恢复白细胞减少症的这一首次临床成功，可能不仅有利于癌症化疗和/或放射治疗，而且有利于预防因细胞毒性癌症化疗或放疗导致癌症患者中性粒细胞减少而在免疫功能低下宿主中发生的感染。
