Mothersill Carmel, Seymour Colin
Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2015 Sep;166(1-4):125-30. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncv155. Epub 2015 May 1.
The existence of non-targeted effects (NTEs) of radiation (genomic instability and bystander effects) has been generally accepted for >20 y; however, there is research, which was largely ignored going back to 1915 reporting these effects. Despite today's general acceptance of the phenomenon of NTE, there is little agreement about the mechanisms involved and the implications in radiation biology and radiation protection. The aim of this review was to consider some of the odd data, which have been published in the field with a view to obtaining insights or stimulating new ways of thinking about this field. By highlighting some key challenges and controversies, concerning the mechanisms and more importantly, the reason these effects exist, current ideas about the wider implications of NTEs in evolution and biology are also discussed.
辐射的非靶向效应（基因组不稳定性和旁观者效应）的存在已被普遍接受超过20年；然而，早在1915年就有关于这些效应的研究报告，但在很大程度上被忽视了。尽管如今人们普遍接受非靶向效应这一现象，但对于其涉及的机制以及在辐射生物学和辐射防护中的意义，却很少达成共识。本综述的目的是审视该领域已发表的一些奇特数据，以期获得见解或激发对该领域的新思考方式。通过强调有关机制以及更重要的是这些效应存在原因的一些关键挑战和争议，还讨论了关于非靶向效应在进化和生物学中更广泛影响的当前观点。
