Galliher-Beckley A, Pappan L K, Madera Rachel, Burakova Y, Waters A, Nickles M, Li X, Nietfeld J, Schlup J R, Zhong Q, McVey S, Dritz S S, Shi J
Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Department of Anatomy and Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA; Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
Vaccine. 2015 Jun 9;33(25):2903-8. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.04.065. Epub 2015 Apr 28.
Vaccines consisting of subunit or inactivated bacteria/virus and potent adjuvants are widely used to control and prevent infectious diseases. Because inactivated and subunit antigens are often less antigenic than live microbes, a growing need exists for the development of new and improved vaccine adjuvants that can elicit rapid and long-lasting immunity. Here we describe the development and characterization of a novel oil-in-water emulsion, OW-14. OW-14 contains low-cost plant-based emulsifiers and was added to antigen at a ratio of 1:3 with simple hand mixing. OW-14 was stable for prolonged periods of time at temperatures ranging from 4 to 40°C and could be sterilized by autoclaving. Our results showed that OW-14 adjuvanted inactivated swine influenza viruses (SIV; H3N2 and H1N1) and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (M. hyo) vaccines could be safely administered to piglets in two doses, three weeks apart. Injection sites were monitored and no adverse reactions were observed. Vaccinated pigs developed high and prolonged antibody titers to both SIV and M. hyo. Interestingly, antibody titers were either comparable or greater than those produced by commercially available FluSure (SIV) or RespiSure (M. hyo) vaccines. We also found that OW-14 can induce high antibody responses in pigs that were vaccinated with a decreased antigen dose. This study provides direct evidence that we have developed an easy-to-use and low-cost emulsion that can act as a powerful adjuvant in two common types of swine vaccines.
由亚单位或灭活细菌/病毒以及强效佐剂组成的疫苗被广泛用于控制和预防传染病。由于灭活抗原和亚单位抗原的抗原性通常比活微生物弱，因此对开发能够引发快速持久免疫的新型改良疫苗佐剂的需求日益增长。在此，我们描述了一种新型水包油乳液OW-14的开发与特性。OW-14含有低成本的植物基乳化剂，通过简单手工混合以1:3的比例添加到抗原中。OW-14在4至40°C的温度下能长时间保持稳定，并且可以通过高压灭菌进行消毒。我们的结果表明，用OW-14佐剂的灭活猪流感病毒（SIV；H3N2和H1N1）和猪肺炎支原体（M. hyo）疫苗可以分两剂安全地给仔猪接种，间隔三周。对接种部位进行了监测，未观察到不良反应。接种疫苗的猪对SIV和M. hyo都产生了高且持久的抗体滴度。有趣的是，抗体滴度与市售的FluSure（SIV）或RespiSure（M. hyo）疫苗相当或更高。我们还发现，OW-14可以在接种抗原剂量降低的猪中诱导高抗体反应。这项研究提供了直接证据，表明我们开发了一种易于使用且低成本的乳液，它可以在两种常见的猪用疫苗中作为一种强大的佐剂。
