Araújo Silvany de Sousa, Fernandes Thaís Cristina Casimiro, Cardona Yaliana Tafurt, Almeida Pedro Marcos de, Marin-Morales Maria Aparecida, Dos Santos Andrea Vidal, Randau Karina Perrelli, Benko-Iseppon Ana Maria, Brasileiro-Vidal Ana Christina
Federal University of Pernambuco, Centre of Biological Sciences, Genetics Department, 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil.
São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", Institut of Biosciences of Rio Claro, Department of Biology, 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2015 Jul 21;170:16-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.04.044. Epub 2015 Apr 30.
Euphorbia hyssopifolia L. is a weed with recognized antimicrobial potential employed in Indian, Asian and Latin-American popular medicine. However, little is known with regard to its toxic potential. The present study aimed to investigate the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of ethanolic extract of E. hyssopifolia in HepG2 cell culture.
Phytochemical screening of ethanolic extract was carried out to determine the presence of active secondary plant metabolites. Six concentrations (0.00001, 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0mg/mL) of ethanolic extract were tested by the MTT assay to verify cytotoxicity. Then, genotoxic evaluations (alkaline comet assay and cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay - CBMN) were carried out in HepG2 cells with extract concentrations of 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0mg/mL.
Mono and sesquiterpenes, triterpenes and steroids, and flavonoids were the main classes found in the phytochemical screening. Extract concentrations used in the MTT assay showed no cytotoxic activity. On the other hand, genotoxic activity was verified at 0.1 and 1.0mg/mL in the alkaline comet assay. Additionally, the 1.0mg/mL concentration induced severe cell damage leading to death in the CBMN assay, indicating a cytotoxic effect for this concentration in the latter method.
The use of E. hyssopifolia extract for medicinal purposes should be avoided, because concentrations above 0.01mg/mL may pose risk to human health due to cytotoxic and/or genotoxic effects.
泽漆是一种杂草，在印度、亚洲和拉丁美洲的传统医学中具有公认的抗菌潜力。然而，人们对其潜在毒性知之甚少。本研究旨在调查泽漆乙醇提取物在HepG2细胞培养中的细胞毒性和遗传毒性作用。
对乙醇提取物进行植物化学筛选，以确定活性次生植物代谢产物的存在。通过MTT法测试六种浓度（0.00001、0.0001、0.001、0.01、0.1和1.0mg/mL）的乙醇提取物，以验证细胞毒性。然后，对提取物浓度为0.01、0.1和1.0mg/mL的HepG2细胞进行遗传毒性评估（碱性彗星试验和胞质分裂阻滞微核试验 - CBMN）。
植物化学筛选中发现的主要类别为单萜和倍半萜、三萜和甾体以及黄酮类化合物。MTT试验中使用的提取物浓度未显示细胞毒性活性。另一方面，在碱性彗星试验中，0.1和1.0mg/mL的浓度验证了遗传毒性活性。此外，在CBMN试验中，1.0mg/mL的浓度导致严重的细胞损伤并导致细胞死亡，表明该浓度在后者方法中具有细胞毒性作用。
应避免将泽漆提取物用于药用，因为浓度高于0.01mg/mL可能由于细胞毒性和/或遗传毒性作用对人类健康构成风险。
