Husunet Mehmet Tahir, Mese Rumeysa, Yigittekin Esra Sunduz, Ila Hasan Basri
Department of Medical Genetics, Division of Internal Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep Islamic Science and Technology University, Gaziantep, Turkey.
Department of General Biology, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
Plant Biotechnol J. 2025 Feb;23(2):632-643. doi: 10.1111/pbi.14525. Epub 2025 Jan 7.
The genus Euphorbia, belonging to the family Euphorbiaceae, represents a significant ethnobotanical heritage due to the diverse bioactive properties exhibited. In this study, the phytochemical composition and biological activities of latex and aerial parts of the water extract of Euphorbia gaillardotii were investigated. Phytochemical analyses were performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography techniques and total antioxidants, phenolics, sugars, organic acids, and aroma components were quantitatively determined. The effects of the test compounds on physicochemical parameters in aqueous media were evaluated by electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen concentration, and pH measurements. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and yeast strains using the disk diffusion method. The cytotoxic activity on the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line was measured spectrophotometrically using the Cell Counting Kit-8 proliferation/apoptosis detection kit. The results showed that E. gaillardotii latex and aerial parts water extract significantly affected the physicochemical parameters of aqueous media, especially at high concentrations. The test substances displayed antimicrobial activity, with the latex-impregnated disks demonstrating larger inhibition zones than the aerial parts extract. The results showed that both the latex and extract treatments exhibited concentration-dependent effects on MCF-7 cell viability (P < 0.001). Furthermore, in silico docking analyses revealed a robust binding affinity of succinic acid, the most prevalent bioactive compound in the extract, towards the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) molecule, with a binding energy of -6.16 kcal/mol. This may be associated with the observed cytotoxicity. These results suggest that E. gaillardotii may be a valuable source for potential pharmacological applications.
大戟属植物隶属于大戟科，因其展现出的多种生物活性特性而具有重要的民族植物学价值。在本研究中，对加氏大戟乳胶和地上部分水提取物的植物化学成分及生物活性进行了研究。采用气相色谱 - 质谱联用和高效液相色谱技术进行植物化学分析，并对总抗氧化剂、酚类、糖类、有机酸和香气成分进行了定量测定。通过电导率、溶解氧浓度和pH测量评估了测试化合物对水介质中物理化学参数的影响。使用纸片扩散法评估了对革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌和酵母菌株的抗菌活性。使用细胞计数试剂盒 - 8增殖/凋亡检测试剂盒通过分光光度法测量了对MCF - 7人乳腺癌细胞系的细胞毒性活性。结果表明，加氏大戟乳胶和地上部分水提取物对水介质的物理化学参数有显著影响，尤其是在高浓度时。测试物质显示出抗菌活性，乳胶浸渍的纸片显示出比地上部分提取物更大的抑菌圈。结果表明，乳胶和提取物处理对MCF - 7细胞活力均呈现浓度依赖性影响（P < 0.001）。此外，计算机模拟对接分析显示，提取物中最普遍的生物活性化合物琥珀酸对B细胞淋巴瘤2（Bcl - 2）分子具有较强的结合亲和力，结合能为 - 6.16 kcal/mol。这可能与观察到的细胞毒性有关。这些结果表明，加氏大戟可能是潜在药理学应用的宝贵来源。
