Colen Timothy, Smallhorn Jeffrey F
Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, and Stollery Children's Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, and Stollery Children's Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Pediatr Card Surg Annu. 2015;18(1):62-71. doi: 10.1053/j.pcsu.2015.01.003.
Echocardiography has developed as an imaging technology over 60 years to become the mainstay for investigating heart disease, providing invaluable structural and functional information. In the last 20 years, 3-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) has emerged as an adjunct to 2-dimensional echocardiography in adult and congenital heart disease. Early work with 3-dimensional imaging of the mitral valve describing normal annular shape and function significantly changed the understanding of mitral valve dynamics. Further work led to our current understanding of the mitral valve working as a unit, with all components vital to its normal function. With improving technology and ease of use, similar 3DE techniques have been used in congenital heart disease to study the unique anatomy and function of atrioventricular (AV) valves, specifically the tricuspid valve in hypoplastic left heart syndrome, and the left AV valve in atrioventricular septal defects. This paper describes the role of 3DE in assessing AV valve function in normal valves, and in congenital heart disease.
超声心动图作为一种成像技术已发展了60多年，成为研究心脏病的主要手段，可提供极为重要的结构和功能信息。在过去20年中，三维超声心动图（3DE）已成为二维超声心动图在成人和先天性心脏病领域的辅助手段。早期对二尖瓣进行三维成像以描述正常瓣环形状和功能的研究，显著改变了人们对二尖瓣动力学的理解。进一步的研究使我们目前认识到二尖瓣作为一个整体发挥作用，其所有组成部分对其正常功能都至关重要。随着技术的改进和易用性的提高，类似的3DE技术已用于先天性心脏病，以研究房室（AV）瓣的独特解剖结构和功能，特别是左心发育不全综合征中的三尖瓣，以及房室间隔缺损中的左房室瓣。本文描述了3DE在评估正常瓣膜及先天性心脏病中房室瓣功能方面的作用。
