Sisic Nedim, Jelicic Mario, Pehar Miran, Spasic Miodrag, Sekulic Damir
Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Split, Split, Croatia -
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2016 Jul-Aug;56(7-8):884-93. Epub 2015 May 5.
In basketball, anthropometric status is an important factor when identifying and selecting talents, while agility is one of the most vital motor performances. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the influence of anthropometric variables and power capacities on different preplanned agility performances.
The participants were 92 high-level, junior-age basketball players (16-17 years of age; 187.6±8.72 cm in body height, 78.40±12.26 kg in body mass), randomly divided into a validation and cross-validation subsample. The predictors set consisted of 16 anthropometric variables, three tests of power-capacities (Sargent-jump, broad-jump and medicine-ball-throw) as predictors. The criteria were three tests of agility: a T-Shape-Test; a Zig-Zag-Test, and a test of running with a 180-degree turn (T180). Forward stepwise multiple regressions were calculated for validation subsamples and then cross-validated. Cross validation included correlations between observed and predicted scores, dependent samples t-test between predicted and observed scores; and Bland Altman graphics.
Analysis of the variance identified centres being advanced in most of the anthropometric indices, and medicine-ball-throw (all at P<0.05); with no significant between-position-differences for other studied motor performances. Multiple regression models originally calculated for the validation subsample were then cross-validated, and confirmed for Zig-zag-Test (R of 0.71 and 0.72 for the validation and cross-validation subsample, respectively). Anthropometrics were not strongly related to agility performance, but leg length is found to be negatively associated with performance in basketball-specific agility. Power capacities are confirmed to be an important factor in agility.
The results highlighted the importance of sport-specific tests when studying pre-planned agility performance in basketball. The improvement in power capacities will probably result in an improvement in agility in basketball athletes, while anthropometric indices should be used in order to identify those athletes who can achieve superior agility performance.
在篮球运动中，人体测量学指标是识别和选拔人才的重要因素，而敏捷性是最重要的运动表现之一。本研究旨在评估人体测量学变量和力量能力对不同预先计划的敏捷性表现的影响。
参与者为92名高水平的青少年篮球运动员（16 - 17岁；身高187.6±8.72厘米，体重78.40±12.26千克），随机分为验证子样本和交叉验证子样本。预测变量集包括16个人体测量学变量、三项力量能力测试（萨金特纵跳、立定跳远和药球投掷）作为预测因子。标准是三项敏捷性测试：T型测试、Z字形测试和180度转身跑测试（T180）。对验证子样本进行向前逐步多元回归计算，然后进行交叉验证。交叉验证包括观察分数与预测分数之间的相关性、预测分数与观察分数之间的配对样本t检验以及布兰德 - 奥特曼图。
方差分析表明，在大多数人体测量指标和药球投掷方面，中锋表现更优（均P<0.05）；其他研究的运动表现不存在显著的位置差异。最初为验证子样本计算的多元回归模型随后进行交叉验证，并在Z字形测试中得到证实（验证子样本和交叉验证子样本的R分别为0.71和0.72）。人体测量学指标与敏捷性表现的相关性不强，但发现腿长与篮球特定敏捷性表现呈负相关。力量能力被证实是敏捷性的一个重要因素。
结果强调了在研究篮球预先计划的敏捷性表现时，特定运动测试的重要性。力量能力的提高可能会导致篮球运动员敏捷性的提高，而人体测量学指标应被用于识别那些能够取得卓越敏捷性表现的运动员。
