Lehning Amanda J, Scharlach Andrew E, Davitt Joan K
1 University of Maryland, Baltimore, USA.
2 University of California at Berkeley, USA.
J Appl Gerontol. 2017 Feb;36(2):234-246. doi: 10.1177/0733464815584667. Epub 2016 Jul 9.
Villages, which are community-based initiatives designed to help older adults age in place through a combination of services, participant engagement, and peer support, have expanded rapidly since their initial development in the early 2000s. Using a sample of Villages in the United States, we examined variations from characteristics of the Village model as portrayed by media and organizational leaders. Results indicate there is no uniform Village model that can be implemented and evaluated by policy makers, funders, service providers, and researchers. Based on the extent of member involvement, methods of service provision, and funding sources, we developed a conceptually and empirically informed typology of Villages that reflects the model's focus on consumer involvement. Descriptive analyses indicate potential differences in member, community, and organizational characteristics. This emerging typology has implications for understanding the implementation and sustainability of Villages, including whether specific Village types are best suited to certain community contexts.
村庄计划是基于社区的倡议活动，旨在通过服务、参与者参与和同伴支持相结合的方式，帮助老年人在自己家中养老。自21世纪初初步发展以来，这类计划迅速扩展。我们以美国的村庄计划为样本，研究了媒体和组织领导人所描述的村庄模式特征的差异。结果表明，不存在一种能供政策制定者、资助者、服务提供者和研究人员实施和评估的统一村庄模式。基于成员参与程度、服务提供方式和资金来源，我们构建了一种在概念和实证上都有依据的村庄类型学，它反映了该模式对消费者参与的关注。描述性分析表明，成员、社区和组织特征可能存在差异。这种新出现的类型学对于理解村庄计划的实施和可持续性具有启示意义，包括特定类型的村庄是否最适合某些社区环境。
