Socioeconomic Factors Influencing the Growth and Sustainability of the Village Movement.

This study offers the first in-depth analysis of the Village Movement since its launch in 2002, examining the socioeconomic and institutional factors behind the growth and sustainability of Villages, community-based organizations that support aging in place. Using a mixed-methods approach, the research combines survey data, case studies, interviews, field observations, and regression analysis. Findings show that Villages are grassroots' responses to the breakdown of traditional social networks in modern, urbanized societies. They help rebuild community ties, reduce isolation, and provide older adults with both services and a renewed sense of purpose. Key drivers of Village development include human capital, civic engagement, spatial proximity, and support from existing organizations. While strong local networks can sometimes reduce the need for Villages, communities with looser ties often have greater motivation to establish them. The study also challenges the perception that Villages are expensive or exclusive. Many operate with low or no membership fees, and alternative models, such as affiliated or hub-and-spoke Villages, allow for growth in lower income and minority communities. Government support, while not essential, can complement Village efforts, particularly during crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, the Village model proves adaptable and resilient, capable of filling service gaps while strengthening community cohesion. It offers a flexible, community-driven solution to the challenges of aging in a rapidly changing society.