Ahmed Md Kawser, Shaheen Nazma, Islam Md Saiful, Habibullah-Al-Mamun Md, Islam Saiful, Banu Cadi Parvin
Earth and Environmental Sciences Faculty, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
Environ Monit Assess. 2015 Jun;187(6):326. doi: 10.1007/s10661-015-4576-5. Epub 2015 May 7.
Concentrations of fourteen trace elements (Cd, As, Pb, Cr, Ni, Zn, Se, Cu, Mo, Mn, Sb, Ba, V and Ag) in the composite samples of most frequently consumed two staple foods, i.e. rice and wheat (collected from 30 different agroecological zones for the first time in Bangladesh) were measured by ICP-MS. The mean concentrations (mg/kg fresh weight) of Cd, As, Pb, Cr, Ni, Zn, Se, Cu, Mo, Mn, Sb, Ba, V and Ag were found as 0.088, 0.321, 0.713, 0.183, 0.213, 13.178, 0.0256, 1.985, 0.102, 4.654, 0.0033, 0.144, 0.081 and 0.007 and 0.011, 0.281, 0.221, 0.352, 0.145, 15.472, 0.245, 1.894, 0.209, 22.077, 0.0012, 3.712, 0.023 and 0.0013 in rice and wheat samples, respectively. Dietary risk of human health (non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks) was assessed by USEPA deterministic approaches. Total target hazard quotient (THQ) values for As and Pb were higher than 1, suggesting that people would experience significant health risks from consuming rice and wheat. However, the THQ of other metals were all less than 1. Also, the estimation showed that the target carcinogenic risk (TR) of As and Pb exceeded the accepted risk level of 1 × 10(-6). Moreover, concerning the nutritional requirements of essential elements for a sound health, the recommended doses for the daily intake of Mn was conveniently supplied by the studied cereals; however, Cr, Zn, Se, Cu and Mo were below the recommend daily allowances (RDAs). Thus, the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk of As and Pb with lower supplementation of essential elements via staple foods for Bangladeshi people is a matter of concern.
采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定了孟加拉国首次从30个不同农业生态区采集的最常食用的两种主食即大米和小麦的复合样本中14种微量元素（镉、砷、铅、铬、镍、锌、硒、铜、钼、锰、锑、钡、钒和银）的含量。大米和小麦样本中镉、砷、铅、铬、镍、锌、硒、铜、钼、锰、锑、钡、钒和银的平均含量（毫克/千克鲜重）分别为0.088、0.321、0.713、0.183、0.213、13.178、0.0256、1.985、0.102、4.654、0.0033、0.144、0.081和0.007以及0.011、0.281、0.221、0.352、0.145、15.472、0.245、1.894、0.209、22.077、0.0012、3.712、0.023和0.0013。采用美国环境保护局（USEPA）的确定性方法评估了对人体健康的膳食风险（非致癌风险和致癌风险）。砷和铅的总目标危害商（THQ）值高于1，这表明人们食用大米和小麦会面临重大健康风险。然而，其他金属的THQ均小于1。此外，评估表明，砷和铅的目标致癌风险（TR）超过了可接受的风险水平1×10⁻⁶。此外，就健康所需必需元素的营养需求而言，所研究的谷物可方便地提供锰的每日推荐摄入量；然而，铬、锌、硒、铜和钼低于推荐的每日摄入量（RDA）。因此，孟加拉国人通过主食摄入必需元素较少的情况下，砷和铅的致癌和非致癌风险令人担忧。
