Kormoker Tapos, Proshad Ram, Islam Md Saiful, Tusher Tanmoy Roy, Uddin Minhaz, Khadka Sujan, Chandra Krishna, Sayeed Abu
Department of Emergency Management, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.
Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China.
Int J Environ Health Res. 2022 Jan;32(1):40-60. doi: 10.1080/09603123.2020.1724271. Epub 2020 Feb 5.
Rice is the staple food of Bangladeshi people and is consumed at least twice a day. Thus, the presence of toxic metals in rice grains has become a major public health concern in Bangladesh. The present research was conducted to investigate the concentrations of toxic metals in rice grains and their possible human health risks in the Tangail district of Bangladesh. Toxic metals were measured by using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), and the mean concentrations of toxic metals in rice samples were found in order of Cr > Pb > Ni > As > Cu > Cd. The concentrations of Cr, Pb, As, and Cd in the studied rice grain samples exceeded the FAO/WHO standard values for food samples by 100%, whereas the Ni concentrations by 10%. The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed significant anthropogenic contributions of Cr, Ni, As, and Pb concentrations in rice grains. The metal concentrations in rice grain samples showed strong significant correlations by forming primary clusters with each other. The estimated daily intake (EDI) values of Cr, Ni, As, Cd, and Pb from all samples were higher than the maximum tolerable daily intake (MTDI) allowed. The total targeted hazard quotient (TTHQ) values of Cu, Ni, As, Cd, and Pb also exceeded the threshold value of 1.00, indicating a potential non-carcinogenic risk. The estimated target carcinogenic risk of As was higher than the USEPA threshold level 10 (0.0001) indicating increased risk of cancer for adults and children in the study area.
大米是孟加拉国人的主食，人们每天至少食用两次。因此，大米中有毒金属的存在已成为孟加拉国一个主要的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在调查孟加拉国坦盖尔地区大米中有毒金属的浓度及其对人体健康可能产生的风险。使用电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）测定有毒金属，发现大米样品中有毒金属的平均浓度顺序为Cr＞Pb＞Ni＞As＞Cu＞Cd。所研究的大米籽粒样品中Cr、Pb、As和Cd的浓度超过了粮农组织/世界卫生组织食品样品标准值的100%，而Ni的浓度超过了10%。主成分分析（PCA）表明，大米籽粒中Cr、Ni、As和Pb的浓度有显著的人为贡献。大米籽粒样品中的金属浓度通过相互形成主要聚类显示出很强的显著相关性。所有样品中Cr、Ni、As、Cd和Pb的估计每日摄入量（EDI）值均高于允许的最大每日耐受摄入量（MTDI）。Cu、Ni、As、Cd和Pb的总目标危害商（TTHQ）值也超过了1.00的阈值，表明存在潜在的非致癌风险。As的估计目标致癌风险高于美国环境保护局阈值水平10（0.0001），表明研究区域内成人和儿童患癌症的风险增加。
