Chen Xinyin, Chen Huichang, Li Dan, Wang Li, Wang Zhengyan
Applied Psychology-Human Development Division, Graduate School of Education, University of Pennsylvania, 3700 Walnut St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6216, USA.
Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2015 Nov;43(8):1467-1473. doi: 10.1007/s10802-015-0028-5.
Little is known about the developmental outcomes of children's social withdrawal in non-Western societies. The present study examined how two main forms of social withdrawal, social reticence and solitary-passive behavior, in early childhood were associated with adjustment in late childhood in Chinese children (75 boys and 92 girls). Data on reticent and solitary-passive behaviors were collected at 4 years of age from laboratory observations. Follow-up data on school, behavioral, and psychological adjustment were collected at 11 years of age from multiple sources. It was found that whereas reticent behavior mainly predicted later psychological problems such as loneliness and depression, solitary-passive behavior predicted later school incompetence and externalizing problems. The results suggest that reticence and solitary-passive behavior may represent distinct forms of withdrawal that play different roles in maladaptive development in Chinese context.
在非西方社会中，对于儿童社交退缩的发展结果知之甚少。本研究调查了中国儿童（75名男孩和92名女孩）幼儿期两种主要的社交退缩形式——社交沉默寡言和孤独被动行为——与童年晚期适应情况之间的关联。关于沉默寡言和孤独被动行为的数据是在4岁时通过实验室观察收集的。关于学校、行为和心理适应的随访数据是在11岁时从多个来源收集的。研究发现，沉默寡言行为主要预测后期的心理问题，如孤独和抑郁，而孤独被动行为则预测后期的学业能力不足和外化问题。结果表明，沉默寡言和孤独被动行为可能代表了不同形式的退缩，在中国背景下的适应不良发展中发挥着不同的作用。
