Halliday R, Callaway E, Lannon R
University of California, San Francisco 94143.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1989;99(4):563-6. doi: 10.1007/BF00589909.
The effects of clonidine and yohimbine on human information processing were tested in six normal volunteers ages 18-30 years. Subjects were tested in a pre-post design with sessions conducted at weekly intervals. Three drug conditions were: Placebo (lactose), 0.2 mg clonidine, and 30 mg yohimbine. Two choice reaction time (RT) tasks were used. One was a stimulus evaluation-response selection task (SERS) that has been shown to be sensitive to d-amphetamine, methylphenidate and scopolamine. The other task was to assess stimulus pre-processing and used spatial frequency as a discriminative stimulus. The principle finding was that clonidine slowed RT; this effect was significant for both tasks. In contrast, yohimbine tended to speed RT, but the effects were significant only for the spatial frequency task on some analyses while not for others. RTs to high spatial frequency stimuli were speeded more than for low spatial frequency. The effects of these two NE drugs were compared with findings with d-amphetamine and scopolamine and interpreted within the framework of a serial information processing model proposed by Callaway (1983). Specifically, it is suggested that yohimbine and clonidine affect an early pre-processing stage.
在6名年龄在18至30岁的正常志愿者身上测试了可乐定和育亨宾对人类信息处理的影响。受试者采用前后测试设计，每周进行一次测试。三种药物条件分别为：安慰剂（乳糖）、0.2毫克可乐定和30毫克育亨宾。使用了两项选择反应时（RT）任务。一项是刺激评估-反应选择任务（SERS），已证明该任务对右旋苯丙胺、哌甲酯和东莨菪碱敏感。另一项任务是评估刺激预处理，并使用空间频率作为辨别刺激。主要发现是可乐定减慢了反应时；这一效应在两项任务中均显著。相比之下，育亨宾倾向于加快反应时，但在某些分析中，其效应仅在空间频率任务中显著，而在其他分析中则不然。对高空间频率刺激的反应时比对低空间频率刺激的反应时加快得更多。将这两种去甲肾上腺素能药物的效应与右旋苯丙胺和东莨菪碱的研究结果进行了比较，并在卡拉韦（1983年）提出的串行信息处理模型框架内进行了解释。具体而言，有人认为育亨宾和可乐定影响早期预处理阶段。
