Yiu Teresa T, Li Wei
Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Cancer Center, 6701 Fannin St, Ste 1400, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Dan L Duncan Cancer Center, 1 Baylor Plaza 450A, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Epigenomics. 2015;7(6):961-73. doi: 10.2217/epi.15.42. Epub 2015 May 7.
Despite improvement in clinical treatment of childhood cancer, it remains the leading cause of disease-related mortality in children with survivors often suffering from treatment-related toxicity and premature death. Because childhood cancer is vastly different from cancer in adults, a thorough understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms specific to childhood cancer is essential. Although childhood cancer contains much fewer mutations, a subset of cancer subtypes has a higher frequency of mutations in gene encoding epigenetic regulators. Thus, in this review, we will focus on epigenetic deregulations in childhood cancers, the use of genome-wide analysis for cancer subtype classification, prediction of clinical outcomes and the influence of folate on epigenetic mechanisms.
尽管儿童癌症的临床治疗有所改善，但它仍是儿童疾病相关死亡的主要原因，幸存者常常遭受治疗相关毒性和过早死亡。由于儿童癌症与成人癌症有很大不同，深入了解儿童癌症特有的潜在分子机制至关重要。虽然儿童癌症的突变要少得多，但一部分癌症亚型在编码表观遗传调节因子的基因中具有较高的突变频率。因此，在本综述中，我们将重点关注儿童癌症中的表观遗传失调、利用全基因组分析进行癌症亚型分类、预测临床结果以及叶酸对表观遗传机制的影响。
