Sanyal Sibaji K, Pandey Amita, Pandey Girdhar K
Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India.
Physiol Plant. 2015 Oct;155(2):89-108. doi: 10.1111/ppl.12344. Epub 2015 May 28.
In a given environment, plants are constantly exposed to multitudes of stimuli. These stimuli are sensed and transduced to generate a diverse array of responses by several signal transduction pathways. Calcium (Ca ) signaling is one such important pathway involved in transducing a large number of stimuli or signals in both animals and plants. Ca engages a plethora of decoders to mediate signaling in plants. Among these groups of decoders, the sensor responder complex of calcineurin B-like protein (CBL) and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) play a very significant role in transducing these signals. The signal transduction mechanism in most cases is phosphorylation events, but some structural role for the pair has also come to light recently. In this review, we discuss the structural nature of the sensor-responder duo; their mechanism of substrate phosphorylation and also their structural role in modulating targets. Moreover, the mechanism of complex formation and mechanistic role of protein phosphatases with CBL-CIPK module has been mentioned. A comparison of CBL-CIPK with other decoders of Ca signaling in plants also signifies the relatedness and diversity in signaling pathways. Further an attempt has been made to compare this aspect of Ca signaling pathways in different plant species to develop a holistic understanding of conservation of stimulus-response-coupling mediated by this Ca -CBL-CIPK module.
在特定环境中，植物不断受到多种刺激。这些刺激被感知并通过多种信号转导途径进行转导，以产生各种各样的反应。钙（Ca）信号传导就是这样一条重要途径，它参与在动物和植物中转导大量刺激或信号。Ca利用大量解码器来介导植物中的信号传导。在这些解码器组中，类钙调神经磷酸酶B蛋白（CBL）和CBL相互作用蛋白激酶（CIPK）的传感器应答复合体在转导这些信号中发挥着非常重要的作用。在大多数情况下，信号转导机制是磷酸化事件，但最近这一对蛋白的一些结构作用也已显现出来。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了传感器 - 应答器二元体的结构性质；它们的底物磷酸化机制以及它们在调节靶标中的结构作用。此外，还提到了蛋白磷酸酶与CBL - CIPK模块形成复合体的机制和作用机制。将CBL - CIPK与植物中其他Ca信号解码器进行比较，也表明了信号传导途径中的相关性和多样性。此外，还尝试比较不同植物物种中Ca信号传导途径的这一方面，以全面了解由该Ca - CBL - CIPK模块介导的刺激 - 反应偶联的保守性。
