Kang Haotong, Yang Yunqiang, Meng Ying
Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization, College of Biological Resources and Environmental Sciences, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China.
The Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China.
Genes (Basel). 2024 Mar 26;15(4):405. doi: 10.3390/genes15040405.
Gene duplication is a key biological process in the evolutionary history of plants and an important driving force for the diversification of genomic and genetic systems. Interactions between the calcium sensor calcineurin B-like protein (CBL) and its target, CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK), play important roles in the plant's response to various environmental stresses. As a food crop with important economic and research value, turnip ( var. ) has been well adapted to the environment of the Tibetan Plateau and become a traditional crop in the region. The gene in turnip has not been characterized. In this study, two duplicated genes, and ., were screened from the turnip genome. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, and . were found located in different sub-branches on the phylogenetic tree. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR analyses revealed their differential expression levels between the leaves and roots and in response to various stress treatments. The differences in their interactions with BrrCBLs were also revealed by yeast two-hybrid analyses. The results indicate that and . have undergone Asparagine-alanine-phenylalanine (NAF) site divergence during turnip evolution, which has resulted in functional differences between them. Furthermore, responded to high-pH (pH 8.5) stress, while retained its ancestral function (low K), thus providing further evidence of their functional divergence. These functional divergence genes facilitate turnip's good adaptation to the extreme environment of the Tibetan Plateau. In summary, the results of this study reveal the characteristics of the duplicated genes and provide a basis for further functional studies of in turnip.
基因复制是植物进化史上的一个关键生物学过程，也是基因组和遗传系统多样化的重要驱动力。钙传感器类钙调神经磷酸酶B蛋白（CBL）与其靶标CBL相互作用蛋白激酶（CIPK）之间的相互作用，在植物对各种环境胁迫的响应中发挥着重要作用。作为一种具有重要经济和研究价值的粮食作物，芜菁（品种）已很好地适应了青藏高原的环境，并成为该地区的传统作物。芜菁中的基因尚未得到表征。在本研究中，从芜菁基因组中筛选出两个复制基因，和。基于系统发育分析，发现和位于系统发育树的不同亚分支上。实时荧光定量PCR分析揭示了它们在叶片和根之间以及对各种胁迫处理的差异表达水平。酵母双杂交分析也揭示了它们与BrrCBLs相互作用的差异。结果表明，和在芜菁进化过程中经历了天冬酰胺-丙氨酸-苯丙氨酸（NAF）位点分歧，这导致了它们之间的功能差异。此外，对高pH（pH 8.5）胁迫有响应，而保留了其祖先功能（低钾），从而进一步证明了它们的功能分歧。这些功能分歧基因促进了芜菁对青藏高原极端环境良好的适应性。总之，本研究结果揭示了复制基因的特征，并为进一步研究芜菁中的功能提供了基础。
