Miyagaki Tomomitsu, Fujimoto Manabu, Sato Shinichi
Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
Int Immunol. 2015 Oct;27(10):495-504. doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxv026. Epub 2015 May 8.
B cells have been generally considered to be positive regulators of immune responses because of their ability to produce antigen-specific antibodies and to activate T cells through antigen presentation. Impairment of B cell development and function may cause inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Recently, specific B cell subsets that can negatively regulate immune responses have been described in mouse models of a wide variety of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The concept of those B cells, termed regulatory B cells, is now recognized as important in the murine immune system. Among several regulatory B cell subsets, IL-10-producing regulatory B cells are the most widely investigated. On the basis of discoveries from studies of such mice, human regulatory B cells that produce IL-10 in most cases are becoming an active area of research. There have been emerging data suggesting the importance of human regulatory B cells in various diseases. Revealing the immune regulation mechanisms of human regulatory B cells in human inflammatory and autoimmune diseases could lead to the development of novel B cell targeted therapies. This review highlights the current knowledge on regulatory B cells, mainly IL-10-producing regulatory B cells, in animal models of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases and in clinical research using human samples.
由于B细胞能够产生抗原特异性抗体并通过抗原呈递激活T细胞，因此通常被认为是免疫反应的正向调节因子。B细胞发育和功能的受损可能会导致炎症性疾病和自身免疫性疾病。最近，在多种炎症性和自身免疫性疾病的小鼠模型中，已经发现了能够负向调节免疫反应的特定B细胞亚群。这些被称为调节性B细胞的B细胞概念，现在被认为在小鼠免疫系统中很重要。在几个调节性B细胞亚群中，产生白细胞介素-10的调节性B细胞是研究最广泛的。基于对此类小鼠研究的发现，在大多数情况下产生白细胞介素-10的人类调节性B细胞正成为一个活跃的研究领域。越来越多的数据表明人类调节性B细胞在各种疾病中的重要性。揭示人类调节性B细胞在人类炎症性和自身免疫性疾病中的免疫调节机制，可能会导致新型B细胞靶向疗法的开发。这篇综述重点介绍了在炎症性和自身免疫性疾病动物模型以及使用人类样本的临床研究中，关于调节性B细胞，主要是产生白细胞介素-10的调节性B细胞的当前知识。
