Jaber Rana, Mzayek Fawaz, Madhivanan Purnima, Khader Yousuf, Maziak Wasim
Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL;
Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Aleppo, Syria; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN;
Nicotine Tob Res. 2016 Apr;18(4):403-9. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntv100. Epub 2015 May 8.
Little evidence regarding longitudinal predictors of cigarette smoking progression is available from developing countries. This study aimed to identify gender-specific individual and social predictors of cigarette smoking progression among a school-based sample of adolescents in Irbid, Jordan.
A total of 1781 seventh graders (participation rate 95%) were enrolled and completed an annual self-administered questionnaire from 2008 through 2011. Students who reported "ever-smoking a cigarette" at baseline or in the subsequent follow-up but not being "heavy daily smokers" (>10 cigarettes per day) were eligible for this analysis (N = 669). Grouped-time survival analyses were used to identify predictors of cigarette smoking progression in boys and girls.
Among the study sample, 38.3% of students increased the frequency and /or amount of cigarette smoking during the 3 years of follow-up. Among individual factors, the urge to smoke in the morning predicted smoking progression for boys and girls. The independent predictors of cigarette smoking progression were friends' smoking and attending public schools in boys, and siblings' smoking in girls. Discussing the dangers of smoking with family members was protective for girls.
Boys and girls progressed similarly in cigarette smoking once they initiated the habit. Progression among girls was solely family-related, while it was peer-related for boys.
发展中国家关于吸烟进展纵向预测因素的证据很少。本研究旨在确定约旦伊尔比德一个以学校为基础的青少年样本中吸烟进展的性别特异性个体和社会预测因素。
共有1781名七年级学生（参与率95%）被纳入研究，并在2008年至2011年期间每年完成一份自我管理问卷。在基线或后续随访中报告“曾经吸烟”但不是“重度每日吸烟者”（每天超过10支烟）的学生符合本分析条件（N = 669）。分组时间生存分析用于确定男孩和女孩吸烟进展的预测因素。
在研究样本中，38.3%的学生在3年随访期间增加了吸烟频率和/或吸烟量。在个体因素中，早晨吸烟冲动预测了男孩和女孩的吸烟进展。吸烟进展的独立预测因素在男孩中是朋友吸烟和就读公立学校，在女孩中是兄弟姐妹吸烟。与家庭成员讨论吸烟危害对女孩有保护作用。
男孩和女孩一旦养成吸烟习惯，吸烟进展情况相似。女孩的吸烟进展仅与家庭相关，而男孩的吸烟进展与同伴相关。
