Barrera Olga M, Murgas Ingrid L, Bermúdez Sergio, Miranda Roberto J
Instituto de Neumología y Alergias, Hospital San Fernando, Ciudad de Panamá, Panamá.
Rev Alerg Mex. 2015 Apr-Jun;62(2):112-7.
Oral mite anaphylaxis (OMA), or pancake syndrome, occurs in atopic individuals when eating starchy foods contaminated by mites, which induce moderate or severe, even fatal, allergic reactions. This syndrome is usually seen in tropical and subtropical environments,where conditions for the growth of domestic mites are given. Oral mite anaphylaxis has been associated with hypersensitivity to acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)-non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and physical exercise.
To document the clinical and descriptive study of cases of OMA attended in City of Panama from 2011 to 2014.
A clinical descriptive and retrospective study was performed, including skin prick test to five species of domestic mites. Taxonomic identification of the mites was performed under microscope and its density per gram of food was calculated for three cases.
Ten cases with clinical history compatible with OMA were studied, being the pancakes the most incriminated food. The onset of symptoms occurred between 25 and 60 minutes after ingestion of the food. All patients were atopic young adults. Four of the ten patients had hypersensitivity to ASA-NSAID. The patients were positive to Prick test mites: Blomia tropicalis, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Suidasia pontifica. The three samples of wheat flour studied presented high densities of mites per gram.
The pancakes were the most incriminated food in the cases of OMA in our study. Suidasia pontifica and Blomia tropicalis seem to be the mites species of greater relevance related with this syndrome in our country.
口腔螨过敏（OMA），即煎饼综合征，发生于特应性个体食用被螨污染的淀粉类食物时，可引发中度或重度甚至致命的过敏反应。这种综合征通常见于热带和亚热带环境，那里具备家螨生长的条件。口腔螨过敏与对乙酰水杨酸（ASA）-非甾体抗炎药（NSAID）的超敏反应及体育锻炼有关。
记录2011年至2014年在巴拿马城就诊的OMA病例的临床及描述性研究。
进行了一项临床描述性回顾性研究，包括对五种家螨的皮肤点刺试验。在显微镜下对螨进行分类鉴定，并计算了三例每克食物中螨的密度。
研究了10例临床病史符合OMA的病例，煎饼是最常被归咎的食物。症状在摄入食物后25至60分钟内出现。所有患者均为特应性青年。10例患者中有4例对ASA-NSAID过敏。患者对热带无爪螨、粉尘螨和蓬头嗜卷书虱的点刺试验呈阳性。所研究的三个小麦粉样本每克螨密度都很高。
在我们的研究中，煎饼是OMA病例中最常被归咎的食物。蓬头嗜卷书虱和热带无爪螨似乎是我国与该综合征相关性更大的螨种。
