Parr Jeremy R, De Jonge Maretha V, Wallace Simon, Pickles Andrew, Rutter Michael L, Le Couteur Ann S, van Engeland Herman, Wittemeyer Kerstin, McConachie Helen, Roge Bernadette, Mantoulan Carine, Pedersen Lennart, Isager Torben, Poustka Fritz, Bolte Sven, Bolton Patrick, Weisblatt Emma, Green Jonathan, Papanikolaou Katerina, Baird Gillian, Bailey Anthony J
From University of Oxford Department of Psychiatry, UK.
Institutes of Neuroscience, and Health and Society, Newcastle University, UK.
Autism Res. 2015 Oct;8(5):522-33. doi: 10.1002/aur.1466. Epub 2015 May 10.
Clinical genetic studies confirm the broader autism phenotype (BAP) in some relatives of individuals with autism, but there are few standardized assessment measures. We developed three BAP measures (informant interview, self-report interview, and impression of interviewee observational scale) and describe the development strategy and findings from the interviews. International Molecular Genetic Study of Autism Consortium data were collected from families containing at least two individuals with autism. Comparison of the informant and self-report interviews was restricted to samples in which the interviews were undertaken by different researchers from that site (251 UK informants, 119 from the Netherlands). Researchers produced vignettes that were rated blind by others. Retest reliability was assessed in 45 participants. Agreement between live scoring and vignette ratings was very high. Retest stability for the interviews was high. Factor analysis indicated a first factor comprising social-communication items and rigidity (but not other repetitive domain items), and a second factor comprised mainly of reading and spelling impairments. Whole scale Cronbach's alphas were high for both interviews. The correlation between interviews for factor 1 was moderate (adult items 0.50; childhood items 0.43); Kappa values for between-interview agreement on individual items were mainly low. The correlations between individual items and total score were moderate. The inclusion of several factor 2 items lowered the overall Cronbach's alpha for the total set. Both interview measures showed good reliability and substantial stability over time, but the findings were better for factor 1 than factor 2. We recommend factor 1 scores be used for characterising the BAP.
临床遗传学研究证实，自闭症患者的一些亲属存在更广泛的自闭症表型（BAP），但标准化评估措施较少。我们开发了三种BAP测量方法（信息提供者访谈、自我报告访谈和受访者印象观察量表），并描述了访谈的开发策略和结果。国际自闭症分子遗传学研究联盟的数据收集自至少有两名自闭症患者的家庭。信息提供者访谈和自我报告访谈的比较仅限于由该研究地点的不同研究人员进行访谈的样本（251名英国信息提供者，119名来自荷兰）。研究人员编写了一些短文，由其他人进行盲评。在45名参与者中评估了重测信度。现场评分与短文评分之间的一致性非常高。访谈的重测稳定性很高。因子分析表明，第一个因子包括社会沟通项目和刻板性（但不包括其他重复领域项目），第二个因子主要由阅读和拼写障碍组成。两种访谈的总量表克朗巴哈系数都很高。因子1的访谈之间的相关性中等（成人项目为0.50；儿童项目为0.43）；单个项目的访谈间一致性的卡帕值主要较低。单个项目与总分之间的相关性中等。纳入几个因子2项目降低了整个数据集的总体克朗巴哈系数。两种访谈方法都显示出良好的信度和随时间的显著稳定性，但因子1的结果比因子2更好。我们建议使用因子1得分来表征BAP。
