Murphy M F, Goodnough L T
NHS Blood & Transplant, Oxford, UK; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals and University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Transfusion Service, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, CA, USA.
Transfus Clin Biol. 2015 Aug;22(3):90-6. doi: 10.1016/j.tracli.2015.04.001. Epub 2015 May 8.
Patient blood management is an increasingly used term to describe an evidence-based, multidisciplinary approach to optimising the care of patients who might need transfusion. It encompasses measures to avoid transfusion such as anaemia management without transfusion, cell salvage and the use of anti-fibrinolytic drugs to reduce bleeding as well as restrictive transfusion. It ensures that patients receive the optimal treatment, and that avoidable, inappropriate use of blood and blood components is reduced. This paper provides an overview of the scientific basis for patient blood management with a focus on the increasing evidence for restrictive rather than liberal transfusion practice and the use of electronic blood ordering and decision support to facilitate its implementation.
患者血液管理是一个越来越常用的术语，用于描述一种基于证据的多学科方法，以优化可能需要输血的患者的护理。它包括避免输血的措施，如无输血的贫血管理、细胞回收以及使用抗纤溶药物减少出血，还有限制性输血。它确保患者接受最佳治疗，并减少血液和血液成分的可避免、不适当使用。本文概述了患者血液管理的科学依据，重点关注越来越多支持限制性而非宽松输血实践的证据，以及使用电子血液订购和决策支持来促进其实施。
