Al-Asmari A, Khan H A, Manthiri R A
Prince Sultan Military Medical City, Riyadh Military Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Hum Exp Toxicol. 2016 Mar;35(3):293-6. doi: 10.1177/0960327115584688. Epub 2015 May 10.
Black fat-tailed scorpion (Androctonus bicolor) belongs to the family Buthidae and is one of the most venomous scorpions in the world. The effects of A. bicolor venom on serum electrolytes were not known and therefore investigated in this study. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups with five animals in each group. One of the groups served as control and received vehicle only. The animals in the remaining groups received a single subcutaneous injection of crude A. bicolor venom (200 μg/kg bodyweight) and were killed at different time intervals including 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, and 24 h after venom injection. The results showed that scorpion venom caused significant increase in serum sodium levels within 30 min after injection which slightly subsided after 1 h and then persisted over 24 h. Serum potassium levels continued to significantly increase until 4 h and then slightly subsided. There were significant decreases in serum magnesium (Mg(+)) levels following scorpion venom injection, at all the time points during the course of study. Serum calcium levels were significantly increased during the entire course of study, whereas serum chloride was significantly decreased. In conclusion, A. bicolor envenomation in rats caused severe and persistent hypomagnesemia with accompanied hypernatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypercalcemia. It is important to measure serum Mg(+) levels in victims of scorpion envenomation, and patients with severe Mg(+) deficiency should be treated accordingly.
黑肥尾蝎（双色肥尾蝎）属于钳蝎科，是世界上毒性最强的蝎子之一。此前尚不清楚双色肥尾蝎毒液对血清电解质的影响，因此本研究对此展开了调查。成年雄性Wistar大鼠被随机分为七组，每组五只。其中一组作为对照组，仅接受赋形剂。其余组的动物皮下注射单次粗制双色肥尾蝎毒液（200μg/kg体重），并在毒液注射后的不同时间间隔（包括30分钟、1小时、2小时、4小时、8小时和24小时）处死。结果显示，蝎子毒液在注射后30分钟内导致血清钠水平显著升高，1小时后略有下降，然后在24小时内持续升高。血清钾水平持续显著升高直至4小时，然后略有下降。在研究过程中的所有时间点，蝎子毒液注射后血清镁（Mg(+)）水平均显著下降。在整个研究过程中，血清钙水平显著升高，而血清氯显著下降。总之，大鼠被双色肥尾蝎蜇伤会导致严重且持续的低镁血症，并伴有高钠血症、高钾血症和高钙血症。测量蝎子蜇伤受害者的血清Mg(+)水平很重要，严重Mg(+)缺乏的患者应相应地接受治疗。
