Weaver Connie M
a Purdue University.
Res Q Exerc Sport. 2015 Jun;86(2):103-6. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2015.1030810.
Lifestyle choices are attributed to 40% to 60% of adult peak bone mass. The National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF) sought to update its 2000 consensus statement on peak bone mass and partnered with the American Society for Nutrition, which, in turn, charged a 9-member writing committee with using a systematic review approach to update the previous NOF guidelines. PubMed searches of the scientific literature from January 2000 through December 2014 were conducted on all relevant lifestyle choice factors and their relation to increasing bone mass during childhood and adolescence. The writing group concluded that there is strong evidence for the benefits of physical activity and calcium intake on bone mass accretion, moderately strong evidence for the benefits of vitamin D and dairy intake on bone mass and for physical activity on bone structure, and weaker evidence for other lifestyle choices. There were parallels and synergies between the benefits of diet and exercise on development of peak bone mass, but the type of evidence and public policy recommendations in the two disciplines differ in several important ways. Nutrition uses a more reductionist approach in contrast to physical activity, which uses a more global approach. This leads to differences in research priorities in the 2 disciplines. The disciplines can advance more quickly through collaboration and adoption of the best approaches from each other.
生活方式的选择对成年人峰值骨量的影响占40%至60%。美国国家骨质疏松基金会（NOF）试图更新其2000年关于峰值骨量的共识声明，并与美国营养学会合作，后者进而委托一个由9名成员组成的写作委员会采用系统综述方法来更新之前的NOF指南。对2000年1月至2014年12月期间科学文献进行PubMed检索，内容涉及所有相关的生活方式选择因素及其与儿童和青少年时期骨量增加的关系。写作小组得出结论，有强有力的证据表明体育活动和钙摄入对骨量增加有益，有中等强度的证据表明维生素D和乳制品摄入对骨量有益以及体育活动对骨骼结构有益，而其他生活方式选择的证据则较弱。饮食和运动对峰值骨量发育的益处之间存在相似之处和协同作用，但这两个领域的证据类型和公共政策建议在几个重要方面有所不同。与体育活动采用更全面的方法相比，营养采用的是更还原论的方法。这导致了这两个领域研究重点的差异。通过相互合作和采用彼此的最佳方法，这两个领域可以取得更快的进展。
