Krajnak K, Waugh S, Johnson C, Miller R G, Welcome D, Xu X, Warren C, Sarkisian S, Andrew M, Dong R G
a Engineering and Controls Technology Branch , National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Morgantown , West Virginia , USA.
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2015;78(9):571-82. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2015.1014079.
Anti-vibration gloves have been used to block the transmission of vibration from powered hand tools to the user, and to protect users from the negative health consequences associated with exposure to vibration. However, there are conflicting reports as to the efficacy of gloves in protecting workers. The goal of this study was to use a characterized animal model of vibration-induced peripheral vascular and nerve injury to determine whether antivibration materials reduced or inhibited the effects of vibration on these physiological symptoms. Rats were exposed to 4 h of tail vibration at 125 Hz with an acceleration 49 m/s(2). The platform was either bare or covered with antivibrating glove material. Rats were tested for tactile sensitivity to applied pressure before and after vibration exposure. One day following the exposure, ventral tail arteries were assessed for sensitivity to vasodilating and vasoconstricting factors and nerves were examined histologically for early indicators of edema and inflammation. Ventral tail artery responses to an α2C-adrenoreceptor agonist were enhanced in arteries from vibration-exposed rats compared to controls, regardless of whether antivibration materials were used or not. Rats exposed to vibration were also less sensitive to pressure after exposure. These findings are consistent with experimental findings in humans suggesting that antivibration gloves may not provide protection against the adverse health consequences of vibration exposure in all conditions. Additional studies need to be done examining newer antivibration materials.
防振手套已被用于阻断动力工具产生的振动向使用者的传递，并保护使用者免受与接触振动相关的负面健康影响。然而，关于手套对工人的保护效果，存在相互矛盾的报告。本研究的目的是使用一种经过表征的振动诱导外周血管和神经损伤的动物模型，以确定防振材料是否能减轻或抑制振动对这些生理症状的影响。将大鼠暴露于125Hz、加速度为49m/s²的尾部振动4小时。平台要么是裸露的，要么覆盖有防振手套材料。在振动暴露前后，对大鼠施加压力时的触觉敏感性进行测试。暴露一天后，评估腹侧尾动脉对血管舒张和收缩因子的敏感性，并对神经进行组织学检查，以寻找水肿和炎症的早期指标。与对照组相比，无论是否使用防振材料，暴露于振动的大鼠腹侧尾动脉对α2C肾上腺素能受体激动剂的反应均增强。暴露于振动的大鼠在暴露后对压力也不那么敏感。这些发现与人体实验结果一致，表明防振手套可能无法在所有情况下预防振动暴露对健康的不良影响。需要进行更多研究来检验新型防振材料。
