Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015 May;29(4):209-17. doi: 10.1155/2015/172356.
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. In the majority of cases, there is evidence of existing chronic liver disease from a variety of causes including viral hepatitis B and C, alcoholic liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Identification of the signalling pathways used by hepatocellular carcinoma cells to proliferate, invade or metastasize is of paramount importance in the discovery and implementation of successfully targeted therapies. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin, Notch and Hedgehog pathways play a critical role in regulating liver cell proliferation during development and in controlling crucial functions of the adult liver in the initiation and progression of human cancers. β-catenin was identified as a protein interacting with the cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin at the cell-cell junction, and has been shown to be one of the most important mediators of the Wnt signalling pathway in tumourigenesis. Investigations into the role of Dikkopf-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma have demonstrated controversial results, with a decreased expression of Dickkopf-1 and soluble frizzled-related protein in various cancers on one hand, and as a possible negative prognostic indicator of hepatocellular carcinoma on the other. In the present review, the authors focus on the Wnt⁄β-catenin, Notch and Sonic Hedgehog pathways, and their interaction with Dikkopf-1 in hepatocellular carcinoma.
肝细胞癌是全球第六大常见癌症。在大多数情况下，存在由多种原因引起的现有慢性肝病的证据，包括乙型和丙型肝炎病毒、酒精性肝病和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎。鉴定肝细胞癌细胞用于增殖、侵袭或转移的信号通路对于成功靶向治疗的发现和实施至关重要。Wnt/β-catenin、Notch 和 Hedgehog 途径的激活在调节发育过程中肝细胞增殖以及在启动和进展中控制成年肝脏的关键功能方面起着关键作用。人癌症。β-catenin 被鉴定为与细胞-细胞连接处的细胞粘附分子 E-cadherin 相互作用的蛋白质，并且已被证明是肿瘤发生中 Wnt 信号通路的最重要介质之一。Dickkopf-1 在肝细胞癌中的作用的研究结果存在争议，一方面在各种癌症中 Dickkopf-1 和可溶性卷曲相关蛋白表达降低，另一方面作为肝细胞癌的可能负预后指标。在本综述中，作者重点介绍了 Wnt/β-catenin、Notch 和 Sonic Hedgehog 途径及其与肝细胞癌中 Dikkopf-1 的相互作用。
