Fagundes R B, de Carli D, Xaubet R V, Cantarelli J C
Departamento de Clínica Médica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Programa de Post-Graduação: Ciências em Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Dis Esophagus. 2016 Aug;29(6):603-6. doi: 10.1111/dote.12350. Epub 2015 May 13.
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ADC) are the two main histological types of esophageal cancer. Southern Brazil has the highest rates of esophageal cancer in South America, and the most prevalent subtype of esophageal cancer has been SCC. This study assessed the trend changes in the histological types of esophageal cancer, in a 20-year period, in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. We searched all cases of esophageal cancer from 1993 to 2012 by their histological diagnosis, grouping the patients in 4-year time periods to evaluate time trends. Among 18 441 upper gastrointestinal endoscopies we identified 686 cases of esophageal cancer. Histological study confirmed the diagnosis of SCC in 640 (93.3%) patients and ADC in 46 (6.7%). Overall, 522 men were diagnosed with esophageal carcinoma; from these, 489 (93.6%) presented SCC, and 33 (6.3%) ADC. Among women, 164 had the diagnosis of esophageal cancer, 151 (92%) SCC, and 13 (7.9%) ADC. The proportion found among men and women was 3.1:1, respectively. The prevalence rate of esophageal cancer, along a 20 year-period, remained stable, as well as the rates of SCC and ADC. SCC was the most common type of esophageal cancer, and ADC presented very low prevalence.
鳞状细胞癌（SCC）和腺癌（ADC）是食管癌的两种主要组织学类型。巴西南部是南美洲食管癌发病率最高的地区，而食管癌最常见的亚型是SCC。本研究评估了巴西南里奥格兰德州中部地区20年间食管癌组织学类型的趋势变化。我们通过组织学诊断检索了1993年至2012年期间所有食管癌病例，将患者按4年时间段分组以评估时间趋势。在18441例上消化道内镜检查中，我们确定了686例食管癌病例。组织学研究确诊640例（93.3%）患者为SCC，46例（6.7%）为ADC。总体而言，522名男性被诊断为食管癌；其中，489例（93.6%）为SCC，33例（6.3%）为ADC。在女性中，164例被诊断为食管癌，151例（92%）为SCC，13例（7.9%）为ADC。男性和女性的比例分别为3.1:1。在20年期间，食管癌的患病率以及SCC和ADC的患病率均保持稳定。SCC是最常见的食管癌类型，而ADC的患病率非常低。
