Goeijenbier M, Verner-Carlsson J, van Gorp E C M, Rockx B, Koopmans M P G, Lundkvist Å, van der Giessen J W B, Reusken C B E M
Department of Virology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Neth J Med. 2015 May;73(4):155-60.
The recent discovery of Seoul hantavirus (SEOV) presence in wild rat populations in the Netherlands has direct implications for Dutch clinicians and hantavirus diagnostics. SEOV is amongst the Old World hantaviruses which cause haemorrhagic fever and renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans. HFRS is characterised by a classical triad of fever, acute kidney injury and haemorrhage, but can show different signs and symptoms in specific cases. SEOV is transmitted from infected rats to humans by inhalation of aerosolised excreta. When compared with the known circulating hantaviruses in the Netherlands, Puumala (PUUV) and Tula (TULV), SEOV causes a more severe form of HFRS. Data from cohort studies undertaken in China and Northern Europe show differences in signs and symptoms at onset of disease, (haemorrhagic) complications and mortality. Furthermore, routine diagnostics currently available for hantavirus diagnosis in the Netherlands are not optimised for SEOV detection. The clinical outcome of an SEOV and PUUV infection will greatly benefit from an early diagnosis which will reduce the costs of unnecessary tests and treatments as well. The discovery of SEOV circulation in the Netherlands follows recent findings of SEOV infections in both rodents and humans in England, Wales, France, Belgium and Sweden, indicating the emerging character of SEOV and a high importance of this hantavirus for Public Health in large areas of Europe. Here, we review the current knowledge on the clinical manifestation of SEOV versus PUUV infections in humans, the treatment of clinical cases and diagnostics.
最近在荷兰野生鼠类种群中发现汉城汉坦病毒（SEOV），这对荷兰临床医生和汉坦病毒诊断具有直接影响。SEOV属于旧大陆汉坦病毒，可导致人类出血热伴肾综合征（HFRS）。HFRS的特征是典型的三联征，即发热、急性肾损伤和出血，但在特定病例中可能表现出不同的体征和症状。SEOV通过吸入雾化排泄物从受感染的大鼠传播给人类。与荷兰已知的流行汉坦病毒普马拉病毒（PUUV）和图拉病毒（TULV）相比，SEOV会引发更严重形式的HFRS。在中国和北欧进行的队列研究数据显示，疾病发作时的体征和症状、（出血性）并发症及死亡率存在差异。此外，荷兰目前用于汉坦病毒诊断的常规检测方法并非针对SEOV检测进行优化。SEOV和PUUV感染的临床结局将极大受益于早期诊断，这也将降低不必要检测和治疗的成本。荷兰发现SEOV传播之前，英国、威尔士、法国、比利时和瑞典在啮齿动物和人类中均发现了SEOV感染，这表明SEOV具有新出现的特性，并对欧洲大片地区的公共卫生具有高度重要性。在此，我们综述了目前关于人类SEOV与PUUV感染临床表现、临床病例治疗及诊断的知识。
