Hughes David C, Wallace Marita A, Baar Keith
Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, California.
Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, California
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Jul 1;309(1):E1-E10. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.00095.2015. Epub 2015 May 12.
The loss of muscle strength and increased injury rate in aging skeletal muscle has previously been attributed to loss of muscle protein (cross-sectional area) and/or decreased neural activation. However, it is becoming clear that force transfer within and between fibers plays a significant role in this process as well. Force transfer involves a secondary matrix of proteins that align and transmit the force produced by the thick and thin filaments along muscle fibers and out to the extracellular matrix. These specialized networks of cytoskeletal proteins aid in passing force through the muscle and also serve to protect individual fibers from injury. This review discusses the cytoskeleton proteins that have been identified as playing a role in muscle force transmission, both longitudinally and laterally, and where possible highlights how disease, aging, and exercise influence the expression and function of these proteins.
衰老骨骼肌中肌肉力量的丧失和损伤率的增加，以前被归因于肌肉蛋白质（横截面积）的丧失和/或神经激活的减少。然而，越来越清楚的是，纤维内部和之间的力传递在这个过程中也起着重要作用。力传递涉及一种蛋白质二级基质，它排列并传递粗肌丝和细肌丝产生的力，沿着肌纤维并传递到细胞外基质。这些细胞骨架蛋白的特殊网络有助于力通过肌肉传递，也有助于保护单个纤维免受损伤。本文综述了已被确定在肌肉力传递中起纵向和横向作用的细胞骨架蛋白，并尽可能强调疾病、衰老和运动如何影响这些蛋白的表达和功能。
