Hocker Sara
Division of Critical Care Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Epilepsy Behav. 2015 Aug;49:83-7. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.04.024. Epub 2015 May 9.
Systemic complications occur at every stage of status epilepticus, involve every organ system, and may worsen outcome. Initially, there is a massive catecholamine release and hyperadrenergic state that may result in neurocardiogenic, pulmonary, and, sometimes, musculoskeletal or renal injury. Further medical complications accompany the various treatments used to abort the seizures including the use of nonanesthetic antiseizure drugs and high-dose anesthetic infusions. Later, sequelae of prolonged immobility and critical illness occur and add to the cumulative morbidity of these patients. Clinicians should follow a protocol to guide screening for early markers of systemic injury, complications of specific pharmacologic and adjunctive treatments, and periodic surveillance for complications related to prolonged immobility. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Status Epilepticus".
全身性并发症在癫痫持续状态的每个阶段都会出现，累及每个器官系统，并可能使预后恶化。最初，会有大量儿茶酚胺释放和高肾上腺素能状态，这可能导致神经心源性、肺部以及有时肌肉骨骼或肾脏损伤。用于终止癫痫发作的各种治疗会伴随进一步的医学并发症，包括使用非麻醉性抗癫痫药物和高剂量麻醉剂输注。后来，长期制动和危重病的后遗症出现，并增加了这些患者的累积发病率。临床医生应遵循一个方案，以指导对全身性损伤的早期标志物、特定药物和辅助治疗的并发症以及与长期制动相关并发症的定期监测进行筛查。本文是名为“癫痫持续状态”的特刊的一部分。
