Ramos Elisangela, de Oliveira Luis Vicente Franco, Silva Audrey Borghi, Costa Ivan Peres, Corrêa João Carlos Ferrari, Costa Dirceu, Alves Vera Lucia, Donner Claudio F, Stirbulov Roberto, Arena Ross, Sampaio Luciana Malosa
Rehabilitation Sciences Master's Program, Nove de Julho University, São Paulo, Brazil.
Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.
Multidiscip Respir Med. 2015 Jan 21;10(1):3. doi: 10.1186/2049-6958-10-3. eCollection 2015.
The adequate control of asthma includes the absence of nocturnal symptoms, minimal use of medication, normal or nearly normal lung function and no limitations to physical activity. The choice of a more sedentary lifestyle can lead to physical de-conditioning, thereby aggravating asthma symptoms and increasing the risk of obesity.
This study aimed at performing a battery of function-related assessments in patients with asthma and comparing them to a healthy control group. A prospective, transversal and case-control study was designed. It was set up at Santa Casa de Misericórdia Hospital -Sao Paulo and Nove de Julho University on a population of outpatients. Subjects of the study were patients affected by moderate to severe asthma. A case-control study was carried out involving 20 patients with moderate to severe asthma and 15 healthy individuals (control group). All participants underwent body composition analysis (BMI and BIA) and a controlled walk test (Shuttle test), resistance muscle test (1RM) and answered a physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ). The group with asthma also answered a questionnaire addressing the clinical control of the illness (ACQ).
In comparison to the control group (unpaired Student's t-test), the patients with asthma had a significantly higher BMI (31.09 ± 5.98 vs. 26.68 ± 7.56 kg/m(2)) and percentage of body fat (38.40 ± 6.75 vs. 33.28 ± 8.23%) as well as significantly lower values regarding distance traveled on the walk test (369 ± 110 vs. 494 ± 85 meters) and metabolic equivalents (3.74 ± 0.87 vs. 4.72 ± 0.60). A strong correlation was found between the distance completed and peripheral muscle strength (r: 0.57, p < 0.05) and METs (Metabolic equivalents - minutes/week) and peripheral muscle strength of 1RM (r: 0.61, p = 0.009).
The individuals with asthma had lower functional capacity and levels of physical activity as well as a higher percentage of body fat compared to healthy individuals. This suggests that such patients have a reduced physical performance stemming from a sedentary lifestyle. Despite the existence of few studies reporting moderate to severe asthmatic patients and functional capacity assessment, it is clear that the assessment presented in the current study is a valid and accessible tool in clinical practice.
哮喘的充分控制包括无夜间症状、药物使用最少、肺功能正常或接近正常以及身体活动无限制。选择更久坐的生活方式会导致身体机能下降，从而加重哮喘症状并增加肥胖风险。
本研究旨在对哮喘患者进行一系列与功能相关的评估，并将其与健康对照组进行比较。设计了一项前瞻性、横断面病例对照研究。该研究在圣保罗圣卡塔琳娜医院和七月九日大学对门诊患者群体进行。研究对象为中重度哮喘患者。进行了一项病例对照研究，涉及20名中重度哮喘患者和15名健康个体（对照组）。所有参与者均接受了身体成分分析（BMI和生物电阻抗分析）、控制步行测试（穿梭试验）、抗阻肌肉测试（1RM）并回答了一份身体活动问卷（IPAQ）。哮喘组还回答了一份关于疾病临床控制的问卷（ACQ）。
与对照组相比（未配对学生t检验），哮喘患者的BMI（31.09±5.98 vs. 26.68±7.56 kg/m²）和体脂百分比（38.40±6.75 vs. 33.28±8.23%）显著更高，而步行测试中的行走距离（369±110 vs. 494±85米）和代谢当量（3.74±0.87 vs. 4.72±0.60）显著更低。发现完成的距离与外周肌肉力量之间存在强相关性（r：0.57，p<0.05），以及代谢当量（代谢当量 - 分钟/周）与1RM的外周肌肉力量之间存在强相关性（r：0.61，p = 0.009）。
与健康个体相比，哮喘患者的功能能力和身体活动水平较低，体脂百分比更高。这表明此类患者因久坐生活方式导致身体机能下降。尽管很少有研究报告中重度哮喘患者及功能能力评估情况，但目前研究中的评估显然是临床实践中一种有效且可采用的工具。
