一种采用改进技术和标准操作程序的新型简化容量负荷异位兔心脏移植模型。
A new simplified volume-loaded heterotopic rabbit heart transplant model with improved techniques and a standard operating procedure.
作者信息
Lu Wei, Zheng Jun, Pan Xu-Dong, Li Bing, Zhang Jin-Wei, Wang Long-Fei, Sun Li-Zhong
机构信息
1 Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing 100029, China ; 2 Department of Pediatric Heart center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China.
出版信息
J Thorac Dis. 2015 Apr;7(4):653-61. doi: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2015.03.05.
BACKGROUND
The classic non-working (NW) heterotopic heart transplant (HTX) model in rodents had been widely used for researches related to immunology, graft rejection, evaluation of immunosuppressive therapies and organ preservation. But unloaded models are considered not suitable for some researches. Accordingly, We have constructed a volume-loaded (VL) model by a new and simple technique.
METHODS
Thirty male New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into two groups, group NW with 14 rabbits and group VL with 16 rabbits, which served as donors and recipients. We created a large and nonrestrictive shunt to provide left heart a sufficient preload. The donor superior vena cave and ascending aorta (AO) were anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta (AAO) and inferior vena cava (IVC), respectively.
RESULTS
No animals suffered from paralysis, pneumonia and lethal bleeding. Recipients' mortality and morbidity were 6.7% (1/15) and 13.3% (2/15), respectively. The cold ischemia time in group VL is slight longer than that in group NW. The maximal aortic velocity (MAV) of donor heart was approximately equivalent to half that of native heart in group VL. Moreover, the similar result was achieved in the parameter of late diastolic mitral inflow velocity between donor heart and native heart in group VL. The echocardiography (ECHO) showed a bidirectional flow in donor SVC of VL model, inflow during diastole and outflow during systole. PET-CT imaging showed the standard uptake value (SUV) of allograft was equal to that of native heart in both groups on the postoperative day 3.
CONCLUSIONS
We have developed a new VL model in rabbits, which imitates a native heart hemodynamically while only requiring a minor additional procedure. Surgical technique is simple compared with currently used HTX models. We also developed a standard operating procedure that significantly improved graft and recipient survival rate. This study may be useful for investigations in transplantation in which a working model is required.
背景
经典的啮齿动物非工作（NW）异位心脏移植（HTX）模型已广泛应用于免疫、移植排斥、免疫抑制疗法评估及器官保存等相关研究。但无负荷模型被认为不适用于某些研究。因此，我们通过一种新的简单技术构建了容量负荷（VL）模型。
方法
30只雄性新西兰白兔随机分为两组，NW组14只，VL组16只，分别作为供体和受体。我们建立了一个大的非限制性分流以给左心提供足够的前负荷。将供体上腔静脉和升主动脉（AO）分别与受体腹主动脉（AAO）和下腔静脉（IVC）吻合。
结果
无动物出现瘫痪、肺炎和致命性出血。受体的死亡率和发病率分别为6.7%（1/15）和13.3%（2/15）。VL组的冷缺血时间略长于NW组。VL组供体心脏的最大主动脉流速（MAV）约相当于正常心脏的一半。此外，VL组供体心脏和正常心脏在舒张晚期二尖瓣流入速度参数上也得到了相似结果。超声心动图（ECHO）显示VL模型供体上腔静脉有双向血流，舒张期流入，收缩期流出。PET-CT成像显示术后第3天两组同种异体移植物的标准摄取值（SUV）均与正常心脏相等。
结论
我们在兔中开发了一种新的VL模型，该模型在血流动力学上模拟正常心脏，同时仅需少量额外操作。与目前使用的HTX模型相比，手术技术简单。我们还制定了标准操作规程，显著提高了移植物和受体的存活率。本研究可能对需要工作模型的移植研究有用。
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